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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Jun 28;24(1):272.
doi: 10.1186/s12886-024-03535-1.

Association between dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor use and diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of real-world studies

Minxi Wang #  1 , Jiali Lu #  1 , Jiyue Dong  2
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Association between dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor use and diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of real-world studies

Minxi Wang et al. BMC Ophthalmol. .

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this review was to examine if dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP4i) use affects the risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: Cohort studies published up to 20th July 2023 in the databases of PubMed, CENTRAL, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched. The adjusted effect size was pooled to calculate the odds ratio (OR).

Results: Seven studies were included. Meta-analysis showed that the use of DPP4i was not associated with any significant change in the risk of DR (OR: 0.86 95% CI: 0.70, 1.06 I2 = 78%). The pooled analysis also found that DPP4i use was not associated with any significant risk of progression of DR (OR: 0.87 95% CI: 0.47, 1.59 I2 = 86%). The results did not change during sensitivity analysis.

Conclusion: Present evidence from a limited number of real-world studies shows that DPP4i may not affect the incidence and progression of DR. There is a need for further studies from different countries using accurate definitions of DR and its progression to validate the current results.

Keywords: DPP4; Eye; Medications; Microvascular complications; Oral hypoglycemics; Retinopathy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Study flowchart
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Meta-analysis of DPP4i use and DR incidence
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Meta-analysis of DPP4i use and DR progression
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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