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. 2024 Sep;57(9):1264-1278.
doi: 10.1111/iej.14098. Epub 2024 Jun 29.

Osteoinductive and regenerative potential of premixed calcium-silicate bioceramic sealers on vascular wall mesenchymal stem cells

Chiara Bernardini  1 , Fausto Zamparini  2   3 , Carlo Prati  2 , Roberta Salaroli  1 , Andrea Spinelli  2 , Augusta Zannoni  1 , Monica Forni  4   5 , Maria Giovanna Gandolfi  3
Affiliations

Osteoinductive and regenerative potential of premixed calcium-silicate bioceramic sealers on vascular wall mesenchymal stem cells

Chiara Bernardini et al. Int Endod J. 2024 Sep.

Abstract

Aim: The osteogenic potential of new premixed calcium-silicate-containing bioceramic sealers (Ca-Si sealers) was tested with porcine vascular wall-mesenchymal stem cells (pVW-MSCs).

Methodology: Two Ca-Si-containing sealers: Ceraseal (MetaBiomed, Cheong-si, South Korea) and AH Plus Bioceramic (Maruchi, Wonju-si, South Korea), and an epoxy resin sealer (AH Plus; Dentsply, Konstanz, Germany) as a control, were prepared according to the manufacturers' indications. All samples were allowed to set for 100% of their setting time in a sterile humid cabinet at 37°C and 95% relative humidity. pVW-MSC seeding efficiency and osteogenic differentiation were analysed as marker of gene/protein expression for up to 12 days. Mineralization assay and immunofluorescence staining were performed and evaluated over a period of 21 days. Statistical analyses were conducted using one-way analysis of variance (p < .05). Additional samples were prepared and stored under the same conditions and inspected using an environmental scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy system.

Results: Significantly higher cell seeding efficiency (p < .05) was observed for both Ca-Si sealers from day 8. pVW-MSCs showed a significant shift towards the osteogenic lineage only when seeded in contact with Ca-Si sealers. Gene expression of osteopontin was upregulated significantly. Collagen I and osteocalcin were clearly expressed by cells in contact with Ca-Si sealers. Mineralization granules were observed in Alizarin red assays and confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis of both Ca-Si sealers. No gene expression or granule mineralization were observed on the epoxy resin sealer.

Conclusions: Premixed Ca-Si sealers displayed a higher potential for osteogenic activity on pVW-MSCs. Epoxy resin sealer was unable to induce any osteogenic activity. The properties of both Ca-Si sealers suggest their potential as osteoinductive platforms for vascular MSCs in periapical bone.

Keywords: Bioactive CaSi; CLSM; Calcium silicate sealer; ESEM‐EDX; Osteoinductive properties; VW‐MSCs; Vascular‐Wall mesenchymal stem cells; endodontic sealer.

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References

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