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. 2024 Jun 17:15:1405342.
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1405342. eCollection 2024.

Structural analysis and blood-enriching effects comparison based on biological potency of Angelica sinensis polysaccharides

Yunxia Tian #  1 , Xiaorui Shen #  1 , Tingting Hu #  1 , Ziyu Liang  1 , Yu Ding  1 , Huilian Dai  1 , Xinyuan Liu  1 , Tulin Lu  1 , Fangzhou Yin  1 , Yachun Shu  2 , Zhijun Guo  3 , Lianlin Su  1 , Lin Li  1
Affiliations

Structural analysis and blood-enriching effects comparison based on biological potency of Angelica sinensis polysaccharides

Yunxia Tian et al. Front Pharmacol. .

Abstract

Angelica sinensis is a long-standing medicine used by Chinese medical practitioners and well-known for its blood-tonic and blood-activating effects. Ferulic acid, ligustilide, and eugenol in Angelica sinensis activate the blood circulation; however, the material basis of their blood-tonic effects needs to be further investigated. In this study, five homogeneous Angelica sinensis polysaccharides were isolated, and their sugar content, molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, and infrared characteristics determined. Acetylphenylhydrazine (APH) and cyclophosphamide (CTX) were used as inducers to establish a blood deficiency model in mice, and organ indices, haematological and biochemical parameters were measured in mice. Results of in vivo hematopoietic activity showed that Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (APS) could elevate erythropoietin (EPO), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and interleukin-3 (IL-3) serum levels, reduce tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) level in mice, and promote hematopoiesis in the body by regulating cytokine levels. Biological potency test results of the in vitro blood supplementation indicated strongest tonic activity for APS-H2O, and APS-0.4 has the weakest haemopoietic activity. The structures of APS-H2O and APS-0.4 were characterized, and the results showed that APS-H2O is an arabinogalactan glycan with a main chain consisting of α-1,3,5-Ara(f), α-1,5- Ara(f), β-1,4-Gal(p), and β-1,4-Gal(p)A, and two branched chains of β-t-Gal(p) and α-t-Glc(p) connected to each other in a (1→3) linkage to α-1,3,5-Ara(f) on the main chain. APS-0.4 is an acidic polysaccharide with galacturonic acid as the main chain, consisting of α-1,4-GalA, α-1,2-GalA, α-1,4-Gal, and β-1,4-Rha. In conclusion, APS-H2O can be used as a potential drug for blood replenishment in patients with blood deficiency, providing a basis for APS application in clinical treatment and health foods, as well as research and development of new polysaccharide-based drugs.

Keywords: Angelica sinensis; biological potency; blood tonicity; polysaccharide; structure.

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Conflict of interest statement

Author ZG was employed by China Resources Sanjiu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Purification of APS on DEAE Sephadex A-25 column.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Monosaccharide composition of polysaccharides.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
FT-IR spectrum of APS-H2O, APS-0.1, APS-0.2, APS-0.3 and APS-0.4.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
1D and 2D NMR spectra of APS-H2O. (A) 1H NMR. (B) 13C NMR. (C) COSY. (D) HSQC. (E) HMBC. (F) NOESY.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
1D and 2D NMR spectra of APS-0.4. (A) 1H NMR. (B) 13C NMR. (C) COSY. (D) HSQC. (E) HMBC. (F) NOESY.
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6
Predicted structure of APS-H2O (A) and APS-0.4 (B).
FIGURE 7
FIGURE 7
Effects of APS on blood routine in BDS mice.
FIGURE 8
FIGURE 8
Changes of EPO, G-CSF, IL-3, and TNF-α indexes in BDS mice.
FIGURE 9
FIGURE 9
In vitro blood supplementation potency of APS-H2O, APS-0.1, APS-0.2, APS-0.3 and APS-0.4.
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