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. 2024 Jun 17;11(7):ofae338.
doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofae338. eCollection 2024 Jul.

Diagnostic Yield of Urine Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra in Adults With Suspected Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

Robert Ndege  1   2   3   4 , Martin Rohacek  1   2   3   4 , Farida Bani  1   4 , Omary Ngome  1 , James Okuma  2   3 , Mohamed Sasamalo  1 , Dorcas Mnzava  1 , Klaus Reither  2   3 , Fiona Vanobberghen  2   3 , Jerry Hella  1 , Daniel H Paris  2   3 , Maja Weisser  1   2   3   5
Affiliations

Diagnostic Yield of Urine Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra in Adults With Suspected Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

Robert Ndege et al. Open Forum Infect Dis. .

Abstract

We assessed the diagnostic yield of urine GeneXpert MTB/RIF Ultra and factors associated with a positive test among adult patients suspected to have extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Urine Ultra was positive in 14% of participants with definite or probable tuberculosis. Hospitalization, disseminated tuberculosis, and human immunodeficiency virus infection were associated with a positive result.

Keywords: diagnostic yield; extrapulmonary tuberculosis; human immunodeficiency virus; tuberculosis; urine Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra.

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Conflict of interest statement

Potential conflicts of interest. All authors: No reported conflicts.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
A, Venn diagram showing diagnostic yield of the different tests among participants with definite or probable tuberculosis (TB). B, Venn diagram showing the combined diagnostic yield of sputum Xpert and urine Ultra testing among participants with definite or probable TB. “Other tests” comprise Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra in ascites, pleural fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, abscess and lymph node fluid, acid-fast bacilli staining, histology, cytology, and adenosine deaminase (Supplementary Table 3). C, Forest plot presenting results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis for factors associated with urine Xpert TB/RIF Ultra positivity. The final multivariable model comprises covariates with clinical importance or prior reported association with urine Ultra and/or lipoarabinomannan positivity [6, 9]. Seven participants were excluded from the final logistic regression model (6 had missing urine Ultra results and 1 had no hemoglobin results), lowering the denominator to 391 participants. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; OR, odds ratio.
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References

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