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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2024 Sep;41(9):e15400.
doi: 10.1111/dme.15400. Epub 2024 Jul 3.

One-year postpartum weight retention and glucose intolerance in women with prediabetes after gestational diabetes

Valérie Mievis  1 , Caro Minschart  2 , Nele Myngheer  3 , Toon Maes  4 , Christophe de Block  5 , Niels Bochanen  5 , Inge van Pottelbergh  6 , Pascale Abrams  7   8 , Wouter Vinck  8 , Liesbeth Leuridan  9 , Sabien Driessens  9 , Jaak Billen  10 , Christophe Matthys  2   11 , Annouschka Laenen  12 , Annick Bogaerts  13   14 , Chantal Mathieu  2   11 , Katrien Benhalima  2   11
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

One-year postpartum weight retention and glucose intolerance in women with prediabetes after gestational diabetes

Valérie Mievis et al. Diabet Med. 2024 Sep.

Abstract

Aims: To determine risk factors for 1-year postpartum weight retention (PPWR) and glucose intolerance (prediabetes + diabetes) in women with a previous history of gestational diabetes (GDM) and prediabetes in early postpartum.

Methods: In this exploratory analysis of the MELINDA randomized controlled trial, we report data of 167 women with prediabetes at the 6-16 weeks (early) postpartum oral glucose tolerance test after a recent history of GDM.

Results: Of all participants, 45% (75) had PPWR >0 kg at 1-year postpartum. Compared to women without PPWR, women with PPWR had higher gestational weight gain [10.5 ± 6.4 vs. 6.5 ± 4.5 kg, p < 0.001], higher BMI (p < 0.01) and a worse metabolic profile (higher waist circumference, worse lipid profile and more insulin resistance) (all p < 0.05) both in early and late postpartum. Of all women with PPWR, 40.0% developed metabolic syndrome, compared to 18.9% of women without late PPWR (p = 0.003). The only independent predictor for late PPWR was weight retention in early postpartum (p < 0.001). Of all participants, 55.1% (92) had glucose intolerance (84 prediabetes, 8 diabetes) 1-year postpartum. Independent predictors for late postpartum glucose intolerance were lower gestational age at start insulin therapy in pregnancy and delivery by caesarean section (resp. p = 0.044 and 0.014).

Conclusions: In women with a previous history of GDM and prediabetes in early postpartum, PPWR in early postpartum was a strong independent predictor for late PPWR, while earlier start of insulin therapy during pregnancy and delivery by caesarean section were independent predictors of glucose intolerance in late postpartum.

Keywords: 1 year; gestational diabetes mellitus; glucose intolerance; postpartum; prediabetes; weight retention.

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References

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