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. 2024 Jul 11;58(8):517-526.
doi: 10.1093/abm/kaae036.

Community-Derived Recommendations for Improving Gender Affirmation of Black and Latine Transgender/Nonbinary Youth

Stanley R Vance Jr  1 , Luz Venegas  2 , Jack Johnson  2 , Anoushka Sinha  1 , Anita V Chaphekar  1 , Jae Sevelius  2
Affiliations

Community-Derived Recommendations for Improving Gender Affirmation of Black and Latine Transgender/Nonbinary Youth

Stanley R Vance Jr et al. Ann Behav Med. .

Abstract

Background: Gender affirmation is a process by which gender-diverse individuals are supported in their gender identity. Parents are critical in how gender-diverse youth, including Black and Latine transgender/nonbinary youth (BLTY), access various forms of gender affirmation-for example, social and medical transition. Culturally relevant supports are needed to bolster how BLTY and their parents navigate gender affirmation.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore recommendations for aiding BLTY and parents in navigating the youth's gender journey.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents of BLTY, BLTY, and BLT young adults (BLTYAs) recruited from clinics, community organizations, and social media. Interviews focused on gender affirmation and recommendations to promote BLTY's gender affirmation. Primary and secondary analysts coded transcripts using a priori and emergent codes. For this analysis, excerpts pertaining to recommended supports were analyzed to identify themes.

Results: Ten parents of BLTY, 10 BLTY (14-18 years), and 23 BLTYAs (18-30 years) participated. Participants provided recommendations at different socio-ecological levels. On the societal level, participants recommended improvements in media representation of racial and ethnic minority gender-diverse individuals. For organizations, participants recommended more clinicians who shared minoritized identities, clinicians knowledgeable in gender-affirming care, affordability of gender-affirming services, and school-based education regarding gender diversity. On interpersonal/individual levels, they suggested culturally informed peer support among BLTY and parents, including support groups, peer mentors, and camps with individuals who share their minoritized identities.

Conclusions: Participants provided salient insights to supporting gender affirmation of BLTY, which can inform intervention development for BLTY and their families.

Keywords: Gender affirmation; Parent–child relations; Social support; Transgender youth.

Plain language summary

Black and Latine transgender/nonbinary youth (BLTY) have multiple minoritized identities as they are both racial/ethnic minorities and are gender diverse. These youth face unique challenges in being supported in their gender identity, and their parents face barriers to supporting their gender journey. Unfortunately, approaches to assisting BLTY and their parents in navigating this journey are poorly understood. We interviewed 10 BLTY, 10 related parents of the BLTY, and 23 Black and Latine transgender/nonbinary young adults (BLTYAs) recruited from clinics, community organizations, and social media. In this study, we explored their recommendations for better supporting and affirming BLTY. These recommendations targeted different areas of BLTY’s lives. On a broader societal level, participants advocated media representation of gender-diverse individuals of color. For medical and mental health organizations, participants recommended more clinicians knowledgeable in supporting gender-diverse youth and more clinicians who share similar backgrounds with BLTY. For interpersonal and individual relationships, they recommended peer support groups and mentors for BLTY and parents of BLTY. These comprehensive recommendations from BLTY, parents, and BLTYAs can be implemented to better support BLTY in their gender identity through culturally based interventions in different domains.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Recommendations to support Black and Latine Transgender/Nonbinary Youth by socio-ecological level
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