Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2024:104:119-137.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-58843-3_7.

Oligomerization of Monoamine Transporters

Arnav Paul  1 , Diwakar Shukla  2
Affiliations
Review

Oligomerization of Monoamine Transporters

Arnav Paul et al. Subcell Biochem. 2024.

Abstract

Transporters of the monoamine transporter (MAT) family regulate the uptake of important neurotransmitters like dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. The MAT family functions using the electrochemical gradient of ions across the membrane and comprises three transporters, dopamine transporter (DAT), serotonin transporter (SERT), and norepinephrine transporter (NET). MAT transporters have been observed to exist in monomeric states to higher-order oligomeric states. Structural features, allosteric modulation, and lipid environment regulate the oligomerization of MAT transporters. NET and SERT oligomerization are regulated by levels of PIP2 present in the membrane. The kink present in TM12 in the MAT family is crucial for dimer interface formation. Allosteric modulation in the dimer interface hinders dimer formation. Oligomerization also influences the transporters' function, trafficking, and regulation. This chapter will focus on recent studies on monoamine transporters and discuss the factors affecting their oligomerization and its impact on their function.

Keywords: DAT; Monoamine transporters; NET; Oligomers; PIP2; SERT.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Anderluh A, Klotzsch E, Reismann AW, Brameshuber M, Kudlacek O, Newman AH, Sitte HH, Schutz GJ (2014) Single molecule analysis reveals coexistence of stable serotonin transporter monomers and oligomers in the live cell plasma membrane. J Biol Chem 289(7):4387–4394 - PubMed - PMC - DOI
    1. Anderluh A, Hofmaier T, Klotzsch E, Kudlacek O, Stockner T, Sitte HH, Schütz GJ (2017) Direct PIP2 binding mediates stable oligomer formation of the serotonin transporter. Nat Commun 8(1):14089 - PubMed - PMC - DOI
    1. Apparsundaram S, Galli A, DeFelice LJ, Hartzell HC, Blakely RD (1998a) Acute regulation of norepinephrine transport: I. Protein kinase c-linked muscarinic receptors influence transport capacity and transporter density in SK-N-SH cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 287(2):733–743 - PubMed
    1. Apparsundaram S, Schroeter S, Giovanetti E, Blakely RD (1998b) Acute regulation of norepinephrine transport: II. PKC-modulated surface expression of human norepinephrine transporter proteins. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 287(2):744–751 - PubMed
    1. Atilgan AR, Durell S, Jernigan RL, Demirel MC, Keskin O, Bahar I (2001) Anisotropy of fluctuation dynamics of proteins with an elastic network model. Biophys J 80(1):505–515 - PubMed - PMC - DOI

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources