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Review
. 2024:104:295-381.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-58843-3_13.

Mitochondrial Alpha-Keto Acid Dehydrogenase Complexes: Recent Developments on Structure and Function in Health and Disease

Eszter Szabo #  1 , Balint Nagy #  1 , Andras Czajlik #  1 , Timea Komlodi  1 , Oliver Ozohanics  1 , Laszlo Tretter  1 , Attila Ambrus  2
Affiliations
Review

Mitochondrial Alpha-Keto Acid Dehydrogenase Complexes: Recent Developments on Structure and Function in Health and Disease

Eszter Szabo et al. Subcell Biochem. 2024.

Abstract

The present work delves into the enigmatic world of mitochondrial alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes discussing their metabolic significance, enzymatic operation, moonlighting activities, and pathological relevance with links to underlying structural features. This ubiquitous family of related but diverse multienzyme complexes is involved in carbohydrate metabolism (pyruvate dehydrogenase complex), the citric acid cycle (α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex), and amino acid catabolism (branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase complex, α-ketoadipate dehydrogenase complex); the complexes all function at strategic points and also participate in regulation in these metabolic pathways. These systems are among the largest multienzyme complexes with at times more than 100 protein chains and weights ranging up to ~10 million Daltons. Our chapter offers a wealth of up-to-date information on these multienzyme complexes for a comprehensive understanding of their significance in health and disease.

Keywords: Alpha-ketoadipate dehydrogenase complex; Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex; Branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase complex; Metabolic disease; Mitochondrion; Pathogenic mutation; Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex; ROS; α-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes.

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