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. 2024 Jul 5;14(1):15523.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-65043-y.

Adsorption characteristics and applications of andesite in removing some pollutants from wastewater

Abdalla M Khedr  1 , Nadia Elwakiel  2 , Sameh E Halawia  3 , Ramadan Abdelghany Mansour  4
Affiliations

Adsorption characteristics and applications of andesite in removing some pollutants from wastewater

Abdalla M Khedr et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Andesite was employed to effectively extract mercury(II) in an aqueous solution. After evaluating its characteristics, andesite was characterized by applying modern techniques such as BET and TGA methods. The study employed SEM and TEM measurements to analyze the variation in the surface shape and crystallinity of the metal due to adsorption. Using the EDX process, the chemical composition, weight, and atomic percentage of each element of andesite were determined. FTIR techniques were also used to confirm the TEM-EDX findings. Zeta potential was estimated. Cycles of regeneration and desorption have been examined. 99.03% was the highest uptake percentage. Adsorbent quantity (0.0025-0.05) g/L, contact time (5-60) min, pH (2-10), temperature (25-60) °C, and dose (0.0027, 0.0044, 0.0125, 0.0155, and 0.0399) mg/L all affect the amount of removal that increases with the increase in contact time, pH, dose, and temperature but drops as the metal ion concentration rises. The ideal values for contact time, pH, metal ion concentration, dose, and temperature were found to be, respectively, 30 min, 0.0155 mg/l, 0.02 g/l, and 40 °C. The calculation of thermodynamic parameters, including ΔH, ΔG, and ΔS, was imperative in establishing that the mechanism of heavy metal adsorption on andesite was endothermic, exhibiting a physical nature that escalated with temperature rise. The Freundlich adsorption equation's linear form is matched by the adsorption of mercury(II) on andesite; constant n was 1.85, 1.06, 1.1, and 1.1, whereas the Langmuir constant qm was found to be 1.85, 2.41, 3.54, and 2.28 mg/g at 25-60 °C. Furthermore, adsorption follows a pseudo-second-order rate constant of (3.08, 3.24, 3.24, and 13) g/mg/min under identical temperature conditions, as opposed to a first-order rate constant of 4, 3, 2.6, and 2. Hg2+, NH4+, Cl-, Br-, NO3-, SO42-, Na+, K+, H2S, and CH3SH were all extracted from wastewater by this application.

Keywords: Adsorption; Andesite; Desorption; Freundlich; Langmuir isotherm.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A sample of andesite (dark groundmass) with zeolite-filled amygdaloidal vesicles.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Representative diagram of mercury(II) adsorption process.
Figure 3
Figure 3
EDX characterization of andesite’s elements (O, Si, Al, Fe, Na, K, Cu, and Ca) at cursor 13.201.
Figure 4
Figure 4
EDX characterization of andesite’s elements (O, Si, Al, Fe, Na, K, Cu, and Ca) at cursor 15.621.
Figure 5
Figure 5
FTIR spectrophotometer analysis of andesite before and after Hg(II) adsorption.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Andesite adsorption (ADS) and desorption (DES) isotherms of BET.
Figure 7
Figure 7
SEM of andesite at magnifications of 1 × 700 before and after Hg(II) adsorption.
Figure 8
Figure 8
SEM of andesite at magnifications of 1 × 2000 before and after Hg(II) adsorption.
Figure 9
Figure 9
TEM analysis of andesite at different magnifications.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Zeta potential distribution of andesite.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Contact time influence on Hg(II) uptake.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Various doses influence on Hg(II) uptake.
Figure 13
Figure 13
pH influence on Hg(II) uptake.
Figure 14
Figure 14
Temperature influences on Hg(II) uptake.
Figure 15
Figure 15
Hg(II) Langmuir isotherms on andesite range from 25 to 60 °C.
Figure 16
Figure 16
Hg(II) Freundlich isotherms on andesite range from 25 to 60 °C.
Figure 17
Figure 17
First-order kinetical curves of Hg(II) adsorption by andesite from 25 to 60 °C.
Figure 18
Figure 18
Second-order kinetical curves of Hg(II) adsorption by andesite from 25 to 60 °C.
Figure 19
Figure 19
Intra-particle diffusion model for adsorption of Hg(II) on andesite as an absorbent at 40 °C.
Figure 20
Figure 20
The impact of temperature on Hg(II) sorption on andesite´s thermodynamic behavior.
Figure 21
Figure 21
Adsorption mechanism of Hg(II) by andesite.
Figure 22
Figure 22
Desorption process of metal ion Hg(II) from andesite surface.
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