[EXTUBATION FAILURE IN BURNS: INCIDENCE, RISK FACTORS AND PROGNOSIS]
- PMID: 38974788
- PMCID: PMC11225298
[EXTUBATION FAILURE IN BURNS: INCIDENCE, RISK FACTORS AND PROGNOSIS]
Abstract
The incidence of extubation failure varies between 2 and 25% depending on the studied population. Few studies have been conducted in burn victims. To determine the incidence, causes, risk factors and outcome of burned patients after a failed extubation, a retrospective single-center case-control study was conducted over a period of 3 years (January 2018-December 2021). All burned patients aged over 16, ventilated for at least 24 hours and having had at least one extubation attempt were included. Extubation failure was defined as the need for re-intubation within 48 hours. Eighty-eight patients had planned extubation. These patients were divided into 2 groups comparable in terms of age and sex. Failure group: including patients with failed extubation (N= 34) and a success group (N= 64) including patients who succeeded. The incidence of extubation failure was 36.6%. Hypophosphatemia, anemia <8g/dl, duration of mechanical ventilation of 8,5 days and abundant secretions during extubation were identified as risk factors for extubation failure (p<0.05). The main cause of failure was retention of secretion (50%). Extubation failure was associated with prolonged length of stay (34 vs. 19 days, P= 0.005), increased infectious complications (P=0.007) and mortality rate (79.4%, 1.5%, P<0.001).
L’échec d’extubation est défini comme la nécessité d’une réintubation dans les 48-72 heures dans les suites d’une extubation programmée. Peu d’études se sont intéressées à ce sujet chez les brûlés. Pour déterminer l’incidence, les causes, les facteurs de risque et l’évolution des patients brûlés ayant subi un échec d’extubation, nous avons conduit une étude monocentrique rétrospective cas - témoin sur une période de 3 ans (janvier 2018 - décembre 2021). Tous les patients brûlés âgés de plus de 16 ans, ventilés pendant au moins 24 heures et ayant eu au moins une tentative d’extubation ont été inclus. Quatre-vingt-dix-huit patients ont eu une extubation programmée. Ces patients ont été répartis en 2 groupes comparables en termes d’âge et de sexe. Groupe «échec» : inclut les patients qui ont échoué l’extubation (N=34), groupe succès : inclut les patients qui l’ont réussie (N=64). L’incidence de l’échec d’extubation était donc de 36,6%. L’hypophosphorémie, l’anémie <8g/dl et les secrétions abondantes en péri - extubation étaient identifiés comme facteurs de risque d’échec d’extubation (p<0,05). Une durée de ventilation mécanique (VM) de 8,5 jours a été identifiée comme prédictive d’échec. La cause principale d’échec d’extubation était la rétention de sécrétions (n=17 : 50%). L’échec d’extubation a été associé à une prolongation de la durée de séjour (34 vs 19 jours, p=0,005), à une augmentation des complications infectieuses (p=0,007) et du taux de mortalité (79,4% vs 1,5%, P< 0,001).
Keywords: burns; extubation; failure; mechanical ventilation; risk factors.
© 2024 Euro-Mediterranean Council for Burns and Fire Disasters.
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