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. 2024 Jun 10;10(12):e32644.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32644. eCollection 2024 Jun 30.

Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and oral lichen planus: A meta-analysis

Zaiyu Zhang  1 , Xiaohui Yi  1 , Yumei Ding  2
Affiliations

Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and oral lichen planus: A meta-analysis

Zaiyu Zhang et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease that affects the oral mucosa. Although Helicobacter pylori has been documented in subgingival and supragingival plaques and saliva, little is currently known about the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and OLP, warranting further research.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Web of Science databases were thoroughly searched for relevant articles published from inception until May 23, 2023.

Results: Due to high heterogeneity among the included studies (Tau2 = 2.16; χ 2 = 40.33, df = 6; I 2 = 85 %), we employed a random-effects model (REM). The forest plot revealed a significant correlation between H. pylori infection and OLP, with an odds ratio (OR) of 4.69 (95 % CI: 1.36 to 16.19; P < 0.01). Sensitivity analysis showed that the pooled ORs ranged from 3.69 (95 % CI: 1.01 to 13.44; P = 0.05) to 6.77 (95 % CI: 2.65-17.30; P < 0.001), and no single study significantly influenced the results when removed individually. Additionally, subgroup analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between H. pylori infection and OLP and explore the sources of heterogeneity. Finally, Begg's test (P = 0.24) and Egger's test (P = 0.35) were performed on the included studies, and the results indicated no significant publication bias.

Conclusion: Our meta-analysis suggests a close association between H. pylori infection and OLP. Nevertheless, further research is warranted to validate these results in the future.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Selection process for studies included in the meta-analysis.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The forest plot outcome indicated that H. pylori infection was closely correlated with the OLP.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The funnel plot showed a symmetric distribution of included studies.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The forest plot outcome of China subgroup.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
The forest plot outcome of Iran subgroup.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
The forest plot outcome of Hp-IgG subgroup.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
The forest plot outcome of 13C-UBT kit subgroup.
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
The forest plot outcome of Age ＞47 years in OLP subgroup.
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
The forest plot outcome of Number＜40 in OLP subgroup.
Fig. 10
Fig. 10
The forest plot outcome of NOS score ＞ 5 subgroup.
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