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. 2024 Jul 5:51:e20243699.
doi: 10.1590/0100-6991e-20243699-en. eCollection 2024.

Lactate and base excess (BE) as markers of hypoperfusion and mortality in traumatic hemorrhagic shock in patients undergoing Damage Control: a historical cohort

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Fernanda Baeumle Reese  1 , Flavia Castanho Hubert  2 , Mariana Bruinje Cosentino  3 , Mirella Cristine DE Oliveira  4 , Álvaro Réa Neto  5 , Rafaella Stradiotto Bernardelli  4 , Jorge Eduardo Matias  1
Affiliations

Lactate and base excess (BE) as markers of hypoperfusion and mortality in traumatic hemorrhagic shock in patients undergoing Damage Control: a historical cohort

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Fernanda Baeumle Reese et al. Rev Col Bras Cir. .

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Introduction: hemorrhagic shock is a significant cause of trauma-related deaths in Brazil and worldwide. This study aims to compare BE and lactate values at ICU admission and twenty-four hours after in identifying tissue hypoperfusion and mortality.

Methods: examines a historical cohort of trauma patients over eitheen years old submittet to damage control resuscitation approch upon hospital admission and were then admitted to the ICU. We collected and analyzed ISS, mechanism and type of trauma, need for renal replacement therapy, massive transfusion. BE, lactate, pH, bicarbonate at ICU admission and twenty-four hours later, and mortality data. The patients were grouped based on their BE values (≥-6 and <-6mmol/L), which were previously identified in the literature as predictors of severity. They were subsequently redivided using the most accurate values found in this sample. In addition to performing multivariate binary logistic regression. The data were compared using several statistical tests due to diversity and according to the indication for each variable.

Results: there were significant changes in perfusion upon admission to the Intensive Care Unit. BE is a statistically significant value for predicting mortality, as determined by using values from previous literature and from this study.

Conclusion: the results demonstrate the importance of monitoring BE levels in the prediction of ICU mortality. BE proves to be a valuable bedside marker with quick results and wide availability.

Introdução:: o choque hemorrágico é a principal causa reversível de morte no trauma no Brasil e no mundo.

Objetivo:: comparar o valor de BE ao do lactato na admissão da UTI e vinte e quatro horas após o internamento na identificação de hipoperfusão tecidual e predição de mortalidade

Método:: coorte histórica de pacientes traumatizados, maiores de dezoito anos, submetidos à estratégia de controle de danos na admissão hospitalar, seguido de internamento em UTI. Foram coletados e analisados ISS, mecanismo e tipo de trauma, necessidade de terapia de substituição renal e transfusão maciça; BE, lactato, pH e bicarbonato coletados na admissão da UTI e vinte e quatro horas após, e a mortalidade. Os pacientes foram divididos em grupos conforme valores de BE (≥-6 e <-6mmol/L) já descritos na literatura como preditores de gravidade, e após redivididos de acordo com os valores de melhor acurácia encontrados nesta amostra, além de realização de regressão logística binária multivariada. Os dados foram comparados através de diversos testes estatísticos devido a diversidade e conforme a indicação para cada variável.

Resultados:: houve alterações perfusionais impactantes já na admissão da UTI. BE manteve-se com valor estatisticamente significativo para predição de mortalidade tanto quando utilizado os valores já conhecidos da literatura como quando aplicados os valores neste estudo identificados.

Conclusão:: valores de BE e de lactato foram capazes de predizer hipoperfusão tecidual e mortalidade nos dois momentos estudados, quando comparados, o BE tem boa performance como preditor de mortalidade, com rápido resultado e ampla disponibilidade.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: no.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Sampling Flowchart.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Comparison of BE and lactate as predictors of mortality at ICU admission and after 24 hours.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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