A global initiative to deliver precision health in diabetes

W T Cefalu¹, P W Franks^{2

3

4}, N D Rosenblum^{5

6

7}, N A Zaghloul⁸, J C Florez^{9

10

11

12}, F Giorgino¹³, L Ji^{14

15}, R C W Ma^{16

17

18}, C Mathieu¹⁹, S Misra²⁰, A H Ramirez²¹, M Roden^{22

23

24}, P E Scherer²⁵, W H-H Sheu²⁶, C D A Stehouwer²⁷, M Woo^{28

29

30}, M Pragnell³¹, S S Anand^{32

33}, M Carnethon³⁴, J C Chambers^{35

36

37}, J M Dennis³⁸, A L Gloyn^{39

40

41}, C Herder^{22

23

24}, R I G Holt⁴², D G Manuel^{43

44

45

46}, M J Redondo^{47

48}, N Tandon⁴⁹, J S Tsang^{50

51

52}, M S Udler^{9

10

11

12}, S S Rich⁵³

Affiliations

¹ National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. william.cefalu@nih.gov.
² Department of Clinical Sciences, Helsingborg Hospital, Lund University, Helsingborg, Sweden.
³ Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
⁴ Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
⁵ Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁶ Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁷ Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁸ National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁹ Department of Medicine, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
¹⁰ Program in Metabolism, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
¹¹ Program in Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
¹² Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
¹³ Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
¹⁴ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
¹⁵ Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China.
¹⁶ Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
¹⁷ Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology in Diabetes, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
¹⁸ Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
¹⁹ Department of Endocrinology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
²⁰ Division of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.
²¹ All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
²² Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
²³ Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
²⁴ German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, Müchen-Neuberberg, Germany.
²⁵ Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
²⁶ Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan City, Taiwan.
²⁷ Department of Chronic Diseases, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium.
²⁸ Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
²⁹ Department of Medicine and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
³⁰ Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
³¹ American Diabetes Association, Arlington, VA, USA.
³² Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
³³ Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
³⁴ Department of Preventive Medicine and Medicine (Pulmonary & Critical Care), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
³⁵ Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
³⁶ School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
³⁷ Precision Health Research (PRECISE), Singapore, Singapore.
³⁸ Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.
³⁹ Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
⁴⁰ Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
⁴¹ Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
⁴² Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
⁴³ The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
⁴⁴ Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
⁴⁵ School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
⁴⁶ Canada Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
⁴⁷ Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
⁴⁸ Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
⁴⁹ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
⁵⁰ Yale Center for Systems and Engineering Immunology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
⁵¹ Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
⁵² Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
⁵³ Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.

PMID: 38992126
PMCID: PMC12066165
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-03032-4

A global initiative to deliver precision health in diabetes

W T Cefalu et al. Nat Med. 2024 Jul.

. 2024 Jul;30(7):1819-1822.

doi: 10.1038/s41591-024-03032-4.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. william.cefalu@nih.gov.
² Department of Clinical Sciences, Helsingborg Hospital, Lund University, Helsingborg, Sweden.
³ Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
⁴ Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
⁵ Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁶ Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁷ Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁸ National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁹ Department of Medicine, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
¹⁰ Program in Metabolism, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
¹¹ Program in Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
¹² Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
¹³ Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
¹⁴ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
¹⁵ Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China.
¹⁶ Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
¹⁷ Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology in Diabetes, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
¹⁸ Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
¹⁹ Department of Endocrinology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
²⁰ Division of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.
²¹ All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
²² Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
²³ Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
²⁴ German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, Müchen-Neuberberg, Germany.
²⁵ Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
²⁶ Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan City, Taiwan.
²⁷ Department of Chronic Diseases, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium.
²⁸ Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
²⁹ Department of Medicine and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
³⁰ Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
³¹ American Diabetes Association, Arlington, VA, USA.
³² Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
³³ Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
³⁴ Department of Preventive Medicine and Medicine (Pulmonary & Critical Care), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
³⁵ Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
³⁶ School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
³⁷ Precision Health Research (PRECISE), Singapore, Singapore.
³⁸ Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.
³⁹ Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
⁴⁰ Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
⁴¹ Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
⁴² Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
⁴³ The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
⁴⁴ Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
⁴⁵ School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
⁴⁶ Canada Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
⁴⁷ Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
⁴⁸ Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
⁴⁹ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
⁵⁰ Yale Center for Systems and Engineering Immunology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
⁵¹ Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
⁵² Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
⁵³ Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.

PMID: 38992126
PMCID: PMC12066165
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-03032-4

Abstract

A recent workshop brought together global leaders in diabetes to assess existing approaches to disease heterogeneity and to identify research gaps, with a goal of achieving precision diabetology for all patients globally.

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Conflict of interest statement

P.W.F. was an employee of the Novo Nordisk Foundation at the time this Comment was written; the views expressed in this paper do not necessarily represent those of the Novo Nordisk Foundation, and the work performed was done in P.W.F.’s academic capacity. Over the past 5 years, P.W.F. has received consulting fees from Zoe, Lilly, Novo Nordisk; speaker fees from UBS; and investigator-initiated research grants from Lilly, Novo Nordisk, Boehringer Ingelheim and Servier. R.I.G.H. has received fees for lecturing from the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, Eli Lilly, Encore, Liberum, Novo Nordisk and ROVI and has received funding for conference attendance from Novo Nordisk and Eli Lilly. R.I.G.H. is chair of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes Committee for Clinical Affairs. A.L.G.’s spouse is an employee of Genentech and holds stock options in Roche. M.R. reports fees for lecturing and/or advisory board activities from Astra-Zeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma, Echosens, Eli Lilly, Madrigal, MSD and Novo Nordisk, as well as fees for investigator-initiated studies from Boehringer-Ingelheim, Novo Nordisk and Nutricia/Danone. C.M. serves or has served on the advisory panel for Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Roche, Medtronic, Imcyse, Insulet and Vertex; financial compensation for these activities has been received by KU Leuven; KU Leuven has received research support for C.M. from Medtronic, Imcyse, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi and ActoBio Therapeutics; and C.M. president of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (all external support available at https://www.easd.org). F.G. has served as a research investigator for Eli Lilly and Roche Diabetes Care; has served as a speaker for AstraZeneca and Eli Lilly; has served as consultant for Abbott, AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Medtronic, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novo Nordisk, Roche Diabetes Care and Sanofi; and has received grants from Eli Lilly and Roche Diabetes Care. J.C.F. receives research support from Novo Nordisk for an investigator-initiated grant. J.S.T. serves on the scientific advisory boards of CytoReason, ImmunoScape and the Human Immunome Project. S.M. has received an investigator-initiated grant from Dexcom and has received speaker honoraria (for presentations over which she had complete control) from Eli Lilly and Sanofi, UK. S.S.A. has received speaking fees and consultancy work over the past 5 years from Bayer AG, Servier, Novartis and Novo Nordisk. W.T.C., N.A.Z., S.S.R., M.W., C.H., J.M.D. and D.G.M. declare no competing interests.

References

1. Herder C & Roden M Diabetologia 65, 1770–1781 (2022). - PMC - PubMed
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1. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. NIH https://go.nature.com/3ye5AZl (accessed 4 December 2023).
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1. Tobias DK, Merino J & Ahmad A Nat. Med 29, 2438–2457 (2023). - PMC - PubMed

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A global initiative to deliver precision health in diabetes

Affiliations

A global initiative to deliver precision health in diabetes

Authors

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Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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