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. 2024 Jun 11;16(6):e62121.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.62121. eCollection 2024 Jun.

A Comparative Evaluation of Frictional Resistance of Various Lingual Brackets With Nitinol (NiTi) Archwires of Different Dimensions: An In Vitro Study

Soumya Ranjan Padhi  1 , Shashank Gaikwad  2 , Alok Ranjan  2 , Parag V Gangurde  1 , Harsh Mishra  2
Affiliations

A Comparative Evaluation of Frictional Resistance of Various Lingual Brackets With Nitinol (NiTi) Archwires of Different Dimensions: An In Vitro Study

Soumya Ranjan Padhi et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Introduction Orthodontic mechanics involves transferring some of the applied force to the tooth's supporting components via friction, which in turn allows the tooth to move more easily. Aim The purpose of this in vitro experiment was to examine the frictional resistance (FR) of different lingual brackets utilizing Instron universal testing machines and nitinol (NiTi) archwires of varying sizes. Materials and methods Twenty-four sectional anterior die stones were replicated from a study model. They were categorized into eight categories, with the Libral lingual bracket and the JJ lingual bracket having 0.012" and 0.014" inch NiTi archwire, which were further subdivided into six subgroups. Three brackets were bonded to the anterior teeth of the upper and lower segments and replicated on other models with the help of silicon putty. Elastomeric modules were ligated to two diameters of NiTi wire (0.012" and 0.014") in each model. An Instron universal testing machine was used to measure the frictional force. Numerical data and descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation have been shown. Results In the overall analysis, it was observed that among JJ Orthodontics samples using 0.012" NiTi archwires, the maxilla exhibited a higher FR (4.205N) compared to the mandible (4.092N). Similarly, in the case of Libral Orthodontics samples with 0.012" NiTi archwires, the maxilla also demonstrated a higher FR (5.10N) than the mandible (4.97N). However, this trend did not hold for samples using 0.014" NiTi archwires. There was a statistically nonsignificant difference (p > 0.05) in the values between all the pairs of groups. Conclusion The present study concludes that Libral lingual brackets produced overall more FR than JJ lingual brackets.

Keywords: frictional resistance; lingual brackets; niti wires; orthodontics; universal testing machine.

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Conflict of interest statement

Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital issued approval BVDU/DCH/NM/1857/2021-22. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Sectional die stone models of mandibular and maxillary casts
Figure 2
Figure 2. Brackets bonded to the cast
Figure 3
Figure 3. Design and fabrication of a bracket transfer tray utilizing silicone putty
Figure 4
Figure 4. Efficient orthodontic bracket transfer tray
Figure 5
Figure 5. NiTi wire ligature techniques
NiTi, nitinol
Figure 6
Figure 6. Instron universal testing machine
Figure 7
Figure 7. Intergroup comparison of FR between JJ and Libral lingual brackets
y-axis: FR (N) FR, frictional resistance
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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