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Review
. 2024 Jun 11;16(6):e62171.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.62171. eCollection 2024 Jun.

Adrenergic Urticaria: An Updated Review

Kristin N Slater  1 , Ahmad Abu-Zahra  2 , Francisca Kartono  3
Affiliations
Review

Adrenergic Urticaria: An Updated Review

Kristin N Slater et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

It can be difficult to delineate the cause of urticarial eruptions, and in chronic cases, it can be a challenging condition to effectively treat. Several forms of urticarial eruptions are well documented and established. Our review focuses on a form of urticaria that is less commonly reported: adrenergic urticaria. In this review, we aim to consolidate the literature in the hopes that this urticarial subtype is considered in urticarial differentials, as well as highlight potential gaps in the research and future directions in treatment options.

Keywords: adrenergic; adrenergic urticaria; adrenergic urticaria review; autoimmune disorders and urticaria; differential diagnosis of chronic urticaria; psychology and urticaria; stress-induced urticaria; urticaria; urticarial eruptions; vasoconstriction in urticaria.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: Dr. Francisca Kartono, DO, has disclosed her roles as a researcher for CP3 with the National Psoriasis Foundation, as well as her affiliations with Biofrontera and Alma Laser.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Clinical cutaneous and systemic manifestations of AU
AU: adrenergic urticaria Image Credit: Kristin Slater, DO, MS
Figure 2
Figure 2. Documented triggers of AU
AU: adrenergic urticaria Image Credit: Kristin Slater, DO, MS
Figure 3
Figure 3. Acute and chronic groupings and subgroupings of urticaria
Image Credit: Kristin Slater, DO, MS
Figure 4
Figure 4. Broad alternative grouping: common and uncommon physical urticaria
Image Credit: Kristin Slater, DO, MS
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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