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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Jun 27:12:1373322.
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1373322. eCollection 2024.

Global prevalence of norovirus gastroenteritis after emergence of the GII.4 Sydney 2012 variant: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Pan Zhang #  1   2 , Cai Hao #  1   2 , Xie Di #  3 , Xue Chuizhao  4 , Li Jinsong  2 , Zheng Guisen  1 , Liu Hui  3 , Duan Zhaojun  2
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Global prevalence of norovirus gastroenteritis after emergence of the GII.4 Sydney 2012 variant: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Pan Zhang et al. Front Public Health. .

Abstract

Introduction: Norovirus is widely recognized as a leading cause of both sporadic cases and outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) across all age groups. The GII.4 Sydney 2012 variant has consistently prevailed since 2012, distinguishing itself from other variants that typically circulate for a period of 2-4 years.

Objective: This review aims to systematically summarize the prevalence of norovirus gastroenteritis following emergence of the GII.4 Sydney 2012 variant.

Methods: Data were collected from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases spanning the period between January 2012 and August 2022. A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the global prevalence and distribution patterns of norovirus gastroenteritis from 2012 to 2022.

Results: The global pooled prevalence of norovirus gastroenteritis was determined to be 19.04% (16.66-21.42%) based on a comprehensive analysis of 70 studies, which included a total of 85,798 sporadic cases with acute gastroenteritis and identified 15,089 positive cases for norovirus. The prevalence rate is higher in winter than other seasons, and there are great differences among countries and age groups. The pooled attack rate of norovirus infection is estimated to be 36.89% (95% CI, 36.24-37.55%), based on a sample of 6,992 individuals who tested positive for norovirus out of a total population of 17,958 individuals exposed during outbreak events.

Conclusion: The global prevalence of norovirus gastroenteritis is always high, necessitating an increased emphasis on prevention and control strategies with vaccine development for this infectious disease, particularly among the children under 5 years old and the geriatric population (individuals over 60 years old).

Keywords: gastroenteritis; genotype; meta-analysis; norovirus; prevalence.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

XD was employed by Chengdu Kanghua Biological Products Co., Ltd. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart presenting the steps of literature search and selection Distribution of the sporadic NoV cases.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plot of the pooled norovirus prevalence in the sporadic gastroenteritis cases from difference countries. CI, confidence interval.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Funnel plot of the pooled norovirus prevalence in the sporadic gastroenteritis cases from difference countries. CI, confidence interval.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Funnel plot for assessment of publication bias.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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