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. 2024 Jun 28;132(26):261001.
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.261001.

Properties of Cosmic Deuterons Measured by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

M Aguilar  1 B Alpat  2 G Ambrosi  2 H Anderson  3 L Arruda  4 N Attig  5 C Bagwell  3 F Barao  4 M Barbanera  2 L Barrin  6 A Bartoloni  7 R Battiston  8   9 A Bayyari  10 N Belyaev  3 B Bertucci  2   11 V Bindi  10 K Bollweg  12 J Bolster  3 M Borchiellini  13 B Borgia  7   14 M J Boschini  15 M Bourquin  16 C Brugnoni  2   11 J Burger  3 W J Burger  8 X D Cai  3 M Capell  3 J Casaus  1 G Castellini  17 F Cervelli  18 Y H Chang  19 G M Chen  20   21 G R Chen  22 H Chen  23 H S Chen  20   21 Y Chen  22 L Cheng  22 H Y Chou  19 S Chouridou  24 V Choutko  3 C H Chung  24 C Clark  3   12 G Coignet  25 C Consolandi  10 A Contin  26   27 C Corti  10 Z Cui  28   22 K Dadzie  3 F D'Angelo  26   27 A Dass  8   9 C Delgado  1 S Della Torre  15 M B Demirköz  29 L Derome  30 S Di Falco  18 V Di Felice  31 C Díaz  1 F Dimiccoli  8 P von Doetinchem  10 F Dong  32 F Donnini  2 M Duranti  2 A Egorov  3 A Eline  3 F Faldi  2   11 D Fehr  24 J Feng  33 E Fiandrini  2   11 P Fisher  3 V Formato  31 C Gámez  1 R J García-López  34 C Gargiulo  6 H Gast  24 M Gervasi  15   35 F Giovacchini  1 D M Gómez-Coral  36 J Gong  32 D Grandi  15   35 M Graziani  2   11 A N Guracho  7 S Haino  19 K C Han  37 R K Hashmani  29 Z H He  33 B Heber  38 T H Hsieh  3 J Y Hu  20   21 B W Huang  23 M Ionica  2 M Incagli  18 Yi Jia  3 H Jinchi  37 G Karagöz  29 S Khan  16 B Khiali  31 Th Kirn  24 A P Klipfel  3 O Kounina  3 A Kounine  3 V Koutsenko  3 D Krasnopevtsev  3 A Kuhlman  10 A Kulemzin  3 G La Vacca  15   35 E Laudi  6 G Laurenti  26 G LaVecchia  3 I Lazzizzera  8   9 H T Lee  39 S C Lee  19 H L Li  22 J Q Li  32 M Li  16 M Li  28 Q Li  32 Q Li  28 Q Y Li  22 S Li  24 S L Li  20   21 J H Li  28 Z H Li  20   21 M J Liang  20   21 P Liao  28 C H Lin  19 T Lippert  5 J H Liu  40 P C Liu  22 S Q Lu  19 Y S Lu  20 K Luebelsmeyer  24 J Z Luo  32 Q Luo  33 S D Luo  23 Xi Luo  22 C Mañá  1 J Marín  1 J Marquardt  38 G Martínez  1 N Masi  26 D Maurin  30 T Medvedeva  3 A Menchaca-Rocha  36 Q Meng  32 V V Mikhailov  22 M Molero  34 P Mott  3   12 L Mussolin  2   11 Y Najafi Jozani  24 R Nicolaidis  8   9 N Nikonov  10 F Nozzoli  8 J Ocampo-Peleteiro  1 A Oliva  26 M Orcinha  2   11 F Palmonari  26   27 M Paniccia  16 A Pashnin  3 M Pauluzzi  2   11 S Pensotti  15   35 P Pietzcker  38 V Plyaskin  3 S Poluianov  41 D Pridöhl  24 Z Y Qu  22 L Quadrani  26   27 P G Rancoita  15 D Rapin  16 A Reina Conde  26 E Robyn  16 I Rodríguez-García  1 L Romaneehsen  38 F Rossi  8   9 A Rozhkov  3 D Rozza  15 R Sagdeev  42 E Savin  26   27 S Schael  24 A Schultz von Dratzig  24 G Schwering  24 E S Seo  43 B S Shan  44 A Shukla  10 T Siedenburg  24 G Silvestre  2 J W Song  28 X J Song  22 R Sonnabend  24 L Strigari  7 T Su  22 Q Sun  28 Z T Sun  20   21 L Tabarroni  31 M Tacconi  15   35 Z C Tang  20 J Tian  31 Y Tian  23 Samuel C C Ting  3   6 S M Ting  3 N Tomassetti  2   11 J Torsti  45 T Urban  3   12 I Usoskin  41 V Vagelli  2   46 R Vainio  45 M Valencia-Otero  47 E Valente  7   14 E Valtonen  45 M Vázquez Acosta  34 M Vecchi  13 M Velasco  1 C X Wang  28 L Wang  40 L Q Wang  28 N H Wang  28 Q L Wang  40 S Wang  10 X Wang  3 Z M Wang  22 J Wei  16   22 Z L Weng  3 H Wu  32 Y Wu  22 Z B Wu  28 J N Xiao  23 R Q Xiong  32 X Z Xiong  23 W Xu  28   22 Q Yan  3 H T Yang  20   21 Y Yang  48 A Yelland  3 H Yi  32 Y H You  20   21 Y M Yu  3 Z Q Yu  20 C Zhang  20 F Z Zhang  20   21 J Zhang  28 J H Zhang  32 Z Zhang  3 P W Zhao  33 C Zheng  22 Z M Zheng  44 H L Zhuang  20 V Zhukov  24 A Zichichi  26   27 P Zuccon  8   9 AMS Collaboration
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Properties of Cosmic Deuterons Measured by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

M Aguilar et al. Phys Rev Lett. .
Free article

Abstract

Precision measurements by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the International Space Station of the deuteron (D) flux are presented. The measurements are based on 21×10^{6} D nuclei in the rigidity range from 1.9 to 21 GV collected from May 2011 to April 2021. We observe that over the entire rigidity range the D flux exhibits nearly identical time variations with the p, ^{3}He, and ^{4}He fluxes. Above 4.5 GV, the D/^{4}He flux ratio is time independent and its rigidity dependence is well described by a single power law ∝R^{Δ} with Δ_{D/^{4}He}=-0.108±0.005. This is in contrast with the ^{3}He/^{4}He flux ratio for which we find Δ_{^{3}He/^{4}He}=-0.289±0.003. Above ∼13 GV we find a nearly identical rigidity dependence of the D and p fluxes with a D/p flux ratio of 0.027±0.001. These unexpected observations indicate that cosmic deuterons have a sizable primarylike component. With a method independent of cosmic ray propagation, we obtain the primary component of the D flux equal to 9.4±0.5% of the ^{4}He flux and the secondary component of the D flux equal to 58±5% of the ^{3}He flux.

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