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. 2025 Jun;35(6):4367-4373.
doi: 10.1007/s10895-024-03782-x. Epub 2024 Jul 13.

Fluorescence Recognition of Hydrazine Driven by Neighboring Group Participation

Wenzhi Xu  1 , Xue Li  2 , Shuo Wang  2 , Honglei Zhang  2 , Wei Li  3
Affiliations

Fluorescence Recognition of Hydrazine Driven by Neighboring Group Participation

Wenzhi Xu et al. J Fluoresc. 2025 Jun.

Abstract

Hydrazine (N2H4) has toxic effects on the environment. Although a variety of reactive probes have been used to identify hydrazine, practical applications required continuous development of hydrazine fluorescent probes with improved performance. Here, we applied the neighboring group participation (NGP) to the design of a fluorescent probe for hydrazine. The probe exhibited a rapid response to N2H4 and strong anti-interference ability, with detection limited to 0.031 μmol/L. Theoretical calculation showed that the energy barrier could be reduced by NGP. The cyclic intermediate formed by the indole ring and the α-ester carbonyl group significantly reduced the activation energy of the reaction. Practically, the probe could detect hydrazine in actual water samples.

Keywords: Fluorescent probe; Hydrazine; Neighboring group participation.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics Approval: There is no ethic approval required for this research work. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

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