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Review
. 2024 Jul 2;29(13):3160.
doi: 10.3390/molecules29133160.

Application Prospect of Ion-Imprinted Polymers in Harmless Treatment of Heavy Metal Wastewater

Mengzhen Du  1 , Zihao Xu  1 , Yingru Xue  1 , Fei Li  1   2 , Jingtao Bi  1   2 , Jie Liu  1   2 , Shizhao Wang  1   2 , Xiaofu Guo  1   2 , Panpan Zhang  1   2 , Junsheng Yuan  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Application Prospect of Ion-Imprinted Polymers in Harmless Treatment of Heavy Metal Wastewater

Mengzhen Du et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

With the rapid development of industry, the discharge of heavy metal-containing wastewater poses a significant threat to aquatic and terrestrial environments as well as human health. This paper provides a brief introduction to the basic principles of ion-imprinted polymer preparation and focuses on the interaction between template ions and functional monomers. We summarized the current research status on typical heavy metal ions, such as Cu(II), Ni(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), Pb(II), and Cr(VI), as well as metalloid metal ions of the As and Sb classes. Furthermore, it discusses recent advances in multi-ion-imprinted polymers. Finally, the paper addresses the challenges faced by ion-imprinted technology and explores its prospects for application.

Keywords: adsorption; heavy metal ions; ion-imprint; pollutants.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) Scheme for the synthesis of GO-IIP, adapted with permission from Ref. [54] Copyright 2017 Elsevier; (B) Scheme for the synthesis of RM-CIIP-3, adapted with permission from Ref. [95]. Copyright 2022 Elsevier.
Figure 1
Figure 1
IIP Preparation flow chart.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A) Scheme for the synthesis of IIPs, adapted with permission from Ref. [67]. Copyright 2018 Elsevier. (B) Scheme for the synthesis of Ni-IIP, adapted with permission from Ref. [55]. Copyright 2019 Elsevier.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(A) Scheme for the synthesis of SH/DE-IIP, adapted with permission from Ref. [68] Copyright 2021 Elsevier. (B) Scheme for the synthesis of paper—based IIP, adapted with permission from Ref. [118]. Copyright 2017 Elsevier.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Scheme for the synthesis of Hg-S-IIPs, adapted with permission from Ref. [139]. Copyright 2022 Elsevier.
Figure 6
Figure 6
(A) Scheme for the synthesis of chitosan-based Pb-IIP, adapted with permission from Ref. [59]. Copyright 2020 Elsevier. (B) Scheme for the synthesis of Pb-IIP [147], adapted with permission from Ref. [147]. Copyright 2019 Royal Society of Chemistry.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Mechanism of bonding of Cr2O72− in combination with 4-VP.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Scheme for the synthesis of IIP@SiO2@Fe3O4, adapted with permission from Ref. [189]. Copyright 2020 Elsevier.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Adsorption mechanism of Sb—CFM—II. Adapted with permission from Ref. [180] Copyright 2018 American Chemical Society.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Scheme for the synthesis of paper-based DMIIP, adapted with permission from Ref. [202]. Copyright 2020 Elsevier.
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