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. 2024 Apr 21;65(1):31-39.
doi: 10.60787/nmj-v65i1-449. eCollection 2024 Jan-Feb.

High frequency of co-infection between SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory Adenoviruses in the Pediatric population in Hamadan, Iran

Nazaridoost Ali  1 , Ansari Nastaran  1 , Teimoori Ali  1 , Azizi Jalilian Farid  1   2
Affiliations

High frequency of co-infection between SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory Adenoviruses in the Pediatric population in Hamadan, Iran

Nazaridoost Ali et al. Niger Med J. .

Abstract

Introduction: The presence of other respiratory pathogens in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection has been described as a striking feature. However, data on adenovirus co-infection rates and clinical impacts in COVID-19 patients is limited. The purpose of this study is to compare the prevalence of respiratory adenoviruses in children under 15 years of age in Positive and Negative SARS-CoV-2 patients.

Methodology: From September 2020 to January 2021, nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained from 280 patients below 15 years old with influenza-like infection symptoms suspected to be COVID-19 and referred to hospitals in Hamadan province. Nucleic acid was extracted using a High Pure Viral Nucleic acid extraction kit for both viral RNA and DNA. Reverse transcription real-time PCR for detecting SARS-CoV-2 and Real-time PCR for Human Adenoviruses were used.

Results: Out of 280 examined samples, 11.7% tested positive for AdV, of which 18 samples originated from the SARS-CoV-2 positive group and 15 samples were from the SARS-CoV-2 negative group. Of 18 co-infected samples, which were categorized in three different ranges of age including, 0-5, 6-10, and 11-15 years old were 11, 4, and 3 patients respectively. Also, 14 patients were hospitalized. Compared with AdV-positive patients, children with Co-infection with SARS CoV-2 had lower levels of white blood cell (WBC) count while erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reaction protein (CRP) had increased levels.

Conclusion: We report a substantial burden of AdV co-infection in pediatric COVID-19 patients. This study revealed most AdV infections lead to hospitalization and change in paraclinical parameters.

Keywords: Adenoviruses; Co-infection; SARS-CoV-2.

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Figures

Figure 1:
Figure 1:
Characterization of co-infection cases Figure legend text: Of 18 co-infected samples, which were categorized in three different ranges of age including, 0-5, 6-10, and 11-15 years old were 11, 4, and 3 patients respectively (P=0.66)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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