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. 2024 Jun 28:15:1425327.
doi: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1425327. eCollection 2024.

The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and osteoarthritis: evidence from an observational and Mendelian randomization study

Zhe Yang #  1 , Tian Lv #  2 , Linna Jin  1 , Xiaoheng Lv  1 , Xiaoying Zhu  1 , Xiaoling Wang  3 , Lisan Zhang  3 , Chenghan Tu  4 , Shiqin Chen  5 , Xiongwei Yan  6
Affiliations

The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and osteoarthritis: evidence from an observational and Mendelian randomization study

Zhe Yang et al. Front Neurol. .

Abstract

Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are common comorbidities that significantly impact individuals' quality of life. However, the relationship between OSA and OA remains unclear. This study aims to explore the connection between OSA and OA and evaluate causality using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods: A total of 12,454 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009-2012) were included. OSA participants were identified based on self-reported interviews. The association between OA and OSA was assessed through multivariable logistic regression analysis. A two-sample MR was employed to investigate the relationship between OSA and OA, specifically hip OA and knee OA, utilizing the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) approach.

Results: Based on the observational study, individuals with OSA exhibited a higher risk of OA (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.40-1.98). IVW demonstrated that the risk of OA (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05-1.21, p = 0.001), hip OA (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.04-1.18, p = 0.002), and knee OA (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.02-1.14, p = 0.005) was significantly associated with OSA. Reverse MR analyses indicated no effect of OA on OSA. Additionally, body mass index (BMI) was found to mediate 36.9% (95% CI, 4.64-73.2%, p = 0.026) of the OSA effects on OA risk.

Conclusion: The cross-sectional observational analysis unveiled noteworthy associations between OSA and OA. Meanwhile, findings from the MR study provide support for a causal role.

Keywords: BMI—body mass index; Mendelian randomization; NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey); obstructive sleep apnea; osteoarthritis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart of the study population.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Flow chart of the Mendelian randomization analysis.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Causal relationships between OSA and OA risk performed by MR.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Meta-analyses on the relationship between OSA and OA.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Mediation analysis of the effect of OSA on OA via BMI under a two-step Mendelian randomization analysis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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