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. 2024 Jun 16:23:101569.
doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101569. eCollection 2024 Oct 30.

Impacts of poultry by-product meal substituting fishmeal on growth efficiency, body composition, liver, and intestine morphology of European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax

Yasser Marzouk  1 , Magdy M Gaber  2 , Ishtiyaq Ahmad  3   4 , Imtiaz Ahmed  3 , Mohammed F El Basuini  5   6 , Mohamed Abdullah Zaki  1 , Abd-Elaziz M Nour  1 , Eman M H Labib  7 , Hala Saber Khalil  8   9
Affiliations

Impacts of poultry by-product meal substituting fishmeal on growth efficiency, body composition, liver, and intestine morphology of European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax

Yasser Marzouk et al. Food Chem X. .

Abstract

A twelve week feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the replacement of fishmeal (FM) with poultry by-product meal (PBM) in practical diets for European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax with an average initial weight of 0.89 g. Five isocaloric (5.1 kcal lipid g-1) and isonitrogenous (451 g protein kg-1) diets were formulated with PBM replacing FM at levels of 0% (control), 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The experiment was carried out in 30-in. nylon mesh net cages (hapas). At the termination of the trial, growth performance including final body weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, and protein growth rate of diets containing up to 75% PBM were comparable to those of the control group, whereas the diet with 100% PBM resulted in a significantly lower values (p < 0.05). Feed utilization exhibited variation among the treatments (p < 0.05). Whole body composition also showed significant differences across the dietary treatments. Essential amino acid (EAA) contents specifically arginine (Arg), histidine (His), methionine (Met), and threonine (Thr) in the whole body of fish fed diets with up to 50% PBM replacement were not significantly different from those in the control group. Furthermore, the intestinal microvilli length, width and absorption area increased significantly (p < 0.05) with PBM replacement levels up to 50%. Histological analysis of the liver revealed mild vacuolation of hepatocytes in fish fed up to 50% PBM,while pre-pancreatic fatty degeneration of hepatocytes was observed in fish fed diets with 75% and 100% PBM. Therefore, this study demonstrates that PBM can replace up to 50% of FM in the diets of European sea bass without adverse effects on growth performance, body composition, or liver and intestine morphology.

Keywords: Amino acids; Growth efficiency; Poultry by-products; Sea bass.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Impact of fishmeal substitution with PBM on growth period of European sea bass (D. labrax L) for 12 weeks, n = 6.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The relationship between final weight (g), average weight gain (g f−1), specific growth ratio (SGR; % day−1), and protein growth ratio (%) of European sea bass (D. labrax L) fed on dietary PBM as fishmeal substitution for 12 weeks.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Light photomicrograph of intestine sections of European sea bass (D. labrax L) fed on control diet 0% (A), diet 25% (B), diet 50% (C), diet 75% (D), diet (E) 100% replacement with PBM, showing normal villi structure in all treatments (H&E, X100), n = 25.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Light photomicrograph of liver sections of European sea bass (D. labrax L) fed on control diet 0% (A), diet 25% (B), diet 50% (C), diet 75% (D), diet (E) 100% substitution with PBM showing mild vacuolation of hepatocytes in diet 50% while diet 75 &100% PBM showing pre-pancreatic fatty degeneration of hepatocytes. Also, (A) arrows showing that fish fed control diet (0% PBM) possesses more hepatocyte cytoplasmic vacuolation and (B, C, D, E) showing that fish fed (25%, 50%,75% and 100% PBM) possesses less hepatocyte cytoplasmic vacuolation, n = 25.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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