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. 2024 Oct;26(10):4281-4292.
doi: 10.1111/dom.15772. Epub 2024 Jul 15.

Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is associated with lower visceral and hepatic lipid content in recent-onset type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes

Edyta Schaefer  1   2 , Alexander Lang  1 , Yuliya Kupriyanova  2   3 , Kálmán B Bódis  2   3   4 , Katharina S Weber  2   3   5 , Anette E Buyken  6 , Janett Barbaresko  1 , Theresa Kössler  2   3   4 , Sabine Kahl  3 , Oana-Patricia Zaharia  2   3   4 , Julia Szendroedi  2   3   4   7 , Christian Herder  2   3   4 , Vera B Schrauwen-Hinderling  2   3   8 , Robert Wagner  2   3   4 , Oliver Kuss  1   2   9 , Michael Roden  2   3   4 , Sabrina Schlesinger  1   2 ; GDS Group
Affiliations

Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is associated with lower visceral and hepatic lipid content in recent-onset type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes

Edyta Schaefer et al. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2024 Oct.

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the associations of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score with subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissue volume and hepatic lipid content (HLC) in people with diabetes and to examine whether changes in the DASH diet were associated with changes in these outcomes.

Methods: In total, 335 participants with recent-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) from the German Diabetes Study were included in the cross-sectional analysis, and 111 participants in the analysis of changes during the 5-year follow-up. Associations between the DASH score and VAT, SAT and HLC and their changes were investigated using multivariable linear regression models by diabetes type. The proportion mediated by changes in potential mediators was determined using mediation analysis.

Results: A higher baseline DASH score was associated with lower HLC, especially in people with T2D (per 5 points: -1.5% [-2.7%; -0.3%]). Over 5 years, a 5-point increase in the DASH score was associated with decreased VAT in people with T2D (-514 [-800; -228] cm3). Similar, but imprecise, associations were observed for VAT changes in people with T1D (-403 [-861; 55] cm3) and for HLC in people with T2D (-1.3% [-2.8%; 0.3%]). Body mass index and waist circumference changes explained 8%-48% of the associations between DASH and VAT changes in both groups. In people with T2D, adipose tissue insulin resistance index (Adipo-IR) changes explained 47% of the association between DASH and HLC changes.

Conclusions: A shift to a DASH-like diet was associated with favourable VAT and HLC changes, which were partly explained by changes in anthropometric measures and Adipo-IR.

Keywords: body composition; cohort study; observational study; type 1 diabetes; type 2 diabetes; weight control.

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References

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