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. 2024 Oct;15(5):1449-1459.
doi: 10.1007/s41999-024-01018-6. Epub 2024 Jul 16.

Differences in self-reported signs related to central sensitization and pressure pain threshold related to knee osteoarthritis and sarcopenia

Ryota Imai  1 , So Tanaka  2 , Takanari Kubo  3 , Mitsumasa Hida  3 , Hidetoshi Nakao  4 , Masakazu Imaoka  3 , Tomohiko Nishigami  5
Affiliations

Differences in self-reported signs related to central sensitization and pressure pain threshold related to knee osteoarthritis and sarcopenia

Ryota Imai et al. Eur Geriatr Med. 2024 Oct.

Abstract

Purpose: Neuroinflammation, which occurs in knee osteoarthritis and sarcopenia, has attracted attention as a mechanism of central sensitization, but the relationship between central sensitization and these conditions has not been widely studied. This study investigates differences in self-reported signs of central sensitization and pressure pain threshold in individuals with knee osteoarthritis and sarcopenia.

Methods: We examined 340 patients (mean age ± standard deviation: 76 ± 5.9, women were 86.9%) with knee osteoarthritis scheduled to undergo total knee arthroplasty. For comparison, 129 community-dwelling older people (mean age ± standard deviation: 76 ± 5.5, women were 68.9%) individuals without a history of knee osteoarthritis or any other diagnosed illnesses were matched for age and sex. We assessed central sensitization inventory-9, pressure pain threshold, pain-related factors, skeletal muscle mass index, and hand grip strength. ANCOVA using 2 (patients with knee osteoarthritis and community older people without knee osteoarthritis) × 2 (sarcopenia and robust) was performed to assess outcome measurements.

Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia among patients with knee osteoarthritis was 50.3%. ANCOVA revealed an interaction effect for the central sensitization inventory-9. For the main effect of knee osteoarthritis, there was a significant difference in central sensitization inventory-9, and for the main effect of sarcopenia, there was a significant difference in pressure pain threshold.

Conclusions: Discrepancies in the evaluation of central sensitization were identified between knee osteoarthritis and sarcopenia. Individuals with knee osteoarthritis had elevated score of self-reported indications of central sensitization, whereas sarcopenic patients had reduced pressure pain thresholds.

Keywords: Central sensitization; Knee OA; Pressure pain threshold; Sarcopenia.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. Ethical approval: This study received approval from the Fukuoka Orthopaedic Hospital Ethics Committee (2020-19) and the Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University Ethics Committee (OKRU30-A016). It was conducted following the 2008 Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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