Development and evaluation of a PICC virtual simulator in neonatal nursing: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Background: Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) is essential in neonatal care, especially for critically ill infants. Traditional training for neonatal PICC insertion faces challenges such as high costs and limited practice opportunities. Virtual simulation technology has emerged as a potential training tool, providing a realistic, risk-free learning environment.

Objectives: The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a virtual simulation teaching system in neonatal PICC care training, focusing on improving nursing students' knowledge， skills and interest in pediatric nursing.

Design: A quasi-experimental design was used, with assessments conducted before and after the activity.

Participants: The study involved 58 graduate nursing students from China Medical University, divided into experimental and control groups.

Methods: The System Usability Scale (SUS) was utilized to assess teachers' experiences with the PICC virtual simulation software. Students' perceptions of the software and their interest in pediatric nursing were measured using Self-Administered Questionnaires. Furthermore, Theoretical and Operational Assessments were applied to determine the extent of students' knowledge and practical skills before and after experimentation.

Results: Teachers and students have favorably evaluated the software system, with notable improvements in theoretical scores following testing. While the virtual simulation system does not enhance practical skills, it does increase student interest in pediatric nursing and employment.

Conclusions: This neonatal virtual simulation software serves as a complement to, rather than a replacement for, traditional clinical training. Its integration into educational programs significantly enhances learning outcomes.

Keywords: Neonatal PICC training; Nursing educational technology; Pediatric nursing skill development; Virtual simulation in nursing education.