Post-discharge spirometry evaluation in patients recovering from moderate-to-critical COVID-19: a cross-sectional study
- PMID: 39013943
- PMCID: PMC11252397
- DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67536-2
Post-discharge spirometry evaluation in patients recovering from moderate-to-critical COVID-19: a cross-sectional study
Abstract
Understanding the prevalence of abnormal lung function and its associated factors among patients recovering from COVID-19 is crucial for enhancing post-COVID care strategies. This study primarily aimed to determine the prevalence and types of spirometry abnormalities among post-COVID-19 patients in Malaysia, with a secondary objective of identifying its associated factors. Conducted at the COVID-19 Research Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University Technology MARA, from March 2021 to December 2022, this study included patients at least three months post-discharge from hospitals following moderate-to-critical COVID-19. Of 408 patients studied, abnormal spirometry was found in 46.8%, with 28.4% exhibiting a restrictive pattern, 17.4% showing preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm), and 1.0% displaying an obstructive pattern. Factors independently associated with abnormal spirometry included consolidation on chest X-ray (OR 8.1, 95% CI 1.75-37.42, p = 0.008), underlying cardiovascular disease (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.19-10.47, p = 0.023), ground-glass opacity on chest X-ray (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.52-4.30, p < 0.001), and oxygen desaturation during the 6-min walk test (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.20-3.06, p = 0.007). This study highlights that patients recovering from moderate-to-critical COVID-19 often exhibit abnormal spirometry, notably a restrictive pattern and PRISm. Routine spirometry screening for high-risk patients is recommended.
Keywords: COVID-19; Obstructive; PRISm; Radio-imaging; Restrictive; Spirometry.
© 2024. The Author(s).
Conflict of interest statement
The authors declare no competing interests.
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- Worldometer. COVID - Coronavirus Statistics. https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/? (2024).
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- F05/RISE/2089/2021/Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
- F05/RISE/2089/2021/Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
- F05/RISE/2089/2021/Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
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- F05/RISE/2089/2021/Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
- GI/F05/LFM/2021/Lung Foundation of Malaysia
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