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Observational Study
. 2024 Dec;44(12):1827-1831.
doi: 10.1038/s41372-024-02061-8. Epub 2024 Jul 17.

Surfactant treatment at birth in a contemporary cohort of preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Clifford Mueller  1 , Edward G Shepherd  1 , Matthew J Kielt  1 , Sara Conroy  2 , Erik A Jensen  3 , Nicolas A Bamat  3 , Howard Panitch  3 , Jon Levin  4 , Milenka Guaman Cuevas  5 , William Truog  6 , Steven H Abman  7 , Leif D Nelin  8 ; BPD Collaborative
Collaborators, Affiliations
Observational Study

Surfactant treatment at birth in a contemporary cohort of preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Clifford Mueller et al. J Perinatol. 2024 Dec.

Abstract

Objective: Initial surfactant studies demonstrated improvements in survival and need for respiratory support. However, as the use of non-invasive respiratory support has increased the use of surfactant has decreased. We examined in a contemporary cohort of BPD patients if surfactant use was associated with BPD severity.

Study design: An observational study using data from the BPD Collaborative Registry.

Results: 971 infants with BPD met entry criteria, 864 (89%) had received surfactant in the first 72 h of life (SURF) and the remainder had not (no surfactant). There was an association between SURF and BPD grade, with a greater likelihood of grade 3 BPD in infants who received surfactant in the DR or who had 2 or more doses.

Conclusions: We speculate that the use of surfactant in the DR and use of multiple doses reflect the impact of perinatal factors beyond immaturity alone that increase the risk for grade 3 BPD.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics approval: This study was approved by the IRB at each site contributing data to the BPD Collaborative Registry, Nationwide Children’s Hospital was the primary site (IRB17-00616). This minimal risk study was approved with waiver of consent given that it used de-identified data. This study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

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