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. 2024 Dec;61(12):1609-1617.
doi: 10.1007/s00592-024-02339-5. Epub 2024 Jul 18.

Increasing trend of childhood type 1 diabetes incidence: 20-year observation from Greater Poland Province, Poland

Elżbieta Niechciał  1 , Michał Michalak  2 , Bogda Skowrońska  3 , Piotr Fichna  3
Affiliations

Increasing trend of childhood type 1 diabetes incidence: 20-year observation from Greater Poland Province, Poland

Elżbieta Niechciał et al. Acta Diabetol. 2024 Dec.

Abstract

Aim: Type 1 diabetes is one of the fastest-growing chronic health conditions. Estimating the incidence rate of childhood type 1 diabetes will allow to aid in adequate planning of health care resources. The study's aim was to assess the incidence rate of type 1 diabetes in children below 15 years of age from Greater Poland (Poland) between 2006 and 2018, and then to compare obtained data to records collected between 1998 and 2003 in pediatric population aged 0-14 years from the same area.

Methods: In this cohort study covering the period from January 1998 to December 2018, data were collected for children and adolescents below 14 years of age with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes living in Greater Poland. The overall population size was taken from the Statistical Office of Poland. Total, sex-, and age-specific incidence rates per 100,000 person-years were calculated for each calendar year.

Results: Over a 20-year period, the incidence rate of type 1 diabetes in children aged 0-14 years rose around 3.6-fold, from 8.4/100,000 in 1998 to 30.8/100,000 in 2018, with the peak incidence recorded in last year of the study. A clear male predominance of type 1 diabetes was seen in all ages. The rate of type 1 diabetes incidence growth was comparable between all age groups, while the highest incidence rate was mostly observed in children aged 5-9 and 10-14 years.

Conclusions: The incidence of type 1 diabetes in children aged 0-14 years is rapidly increasing in Greater Poland.

Keywords: Adolescents; Children; Epidemiology; Incidence rate; Type 1 diabetes.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethical approval: All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008. Conflict of interest: Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Decomposition of the T1D incidence time series in children aged 0–14 from Greater Poland between 2006–2018. Decomposition of time series – additive model. formula image, where formula image - Trent component of time series estimated with a moving averages smoothing procedure. formula image- Seasonal component of time series estimated an effect for each month of the yearas after de-trending of the original time series formula image. formula image- Random (irregular) component for the additive model determined as formula image
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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