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. 2024 Nov;50(1):353-354.
doi: 10.1038/s41386-024-01931-1.

Biomarker development for menstrual cycle affective change: the need for greater temporal, mechanistic, and phenotypic specificity

Jordan C Barone  1 , Tory A Eisenlohr-Moul  2
Affiliations

Biomarker development for menstrual cycle affective change: the need for greater temporal, mechanistic, and phenotypic specificity

Jordan C Barone et al. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2024 Nov.

Erratum in

No abstract available

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. MCAC symptoms should be modeled as a continuous outcome anchored to person-specific ovulation and menses onset days.
A Fluctuations of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) across an idealized 28-day cycle. MCAC symptoms of interest must be self-reported prospectively on a daily basis; ovulation must be confirmed with hormonal measures, such as urine LH; and menses onset must be self-reported in real time. Precise measurement of ovulation, menses, and daily symptom charting allow accurate linkage between the hormonal events of the cycle and related MCAC. B Once the cycle is accurately tracked, it can be standardized across participants by re-scaling “day since positive LH test” to “percentage of cycle”; this transforms cycle time to a continuous variable with the same hormonal meaning regardless of cycle length. Then, longitudinal growth modeling can be used with cycle time as the predictor and symptom trajectories as the outcome, with hypothesis-driven functions (e.g., quadratic, cubic, piecewise, etc.).
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