Challenges to identifying risk versus protective factors in Alzheimer's disease

Chiara Pappalettera^{1

2}, Claudia Carrarini^{1

3}, Stefano Cappa⁴, Naike Caraglia⁵, Maria Cotelli⁶, Camillo Marra^{5

7}, Daniela Perani⁸, Alberto Redolfi⁹, Patrizia Spadin¹⁰, Fabrizio Tagliavini¹¹, Nicola Vanacore¹², Fabrizio Vecchio^{1

2}, Paolo Maria Rossini¹³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy.
² Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University, Novedrate, Italy.
³ Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
⁴ University Institute of Advanced Studies, Pavia, Italy.
⁵ Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
⁶ IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
⁷ Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy.
⁸ Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
⁹ Laboratory of Neuroinformatics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
¹⁰ Associazione Italiana Malattia di Alzheimer - AIMA, Milan, Italy.
¹¹ Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
¹² National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy.
¹³ Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy. paolomaria.rossini@sanraffaele.it.

Chiara Pappalettera et al. Nat Med. 2024 Nov.

. 2024 Nov;30(11):3094-3095.

doi: 10.1038/s41591-024-03158-5. Epub 2024 Jul 18.

¹ Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy.
² Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University, Novedrate, Italy.
³ Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
⁴ University Institute of Advanced Studies, Pavia, Italy.
⁵ Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
⁶ IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
⁷ Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy.
⁸ Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
⁹ Laboratory of Neuroinformatics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
¹⁰ Associazione Italiana Malattia di Alzheimer - AIMA, Milan, Italy.
¹¹ Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
¹² National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy.
¹³ Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy. paolomaria.rossini@sanraffaele.it.

No abstract available

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests.

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