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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Dec;25(6):e452-e464.
doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2024.05.010. Epub 2024 Jul 20.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Postoperative Acute Pain for Mothers Who Gave Birth With Cesarean Section: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Basazinew Chekol Demilew  1 , Negesse Zurbachew  2 , Nega Getachew  2 , Getachew Mekete  2 , Diriba Teshome Lema  2
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Postoperative Acute Pain for Mothers Who Gave Birth With Cesarean Section: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Basazinew Chekol Demilew et al. Pain Manag Nurs. 2024 Dec.

Abstract

Background: Cesarean section frequently is associated with different undesirable postoperative outcomes. Acute postoperative pain is one of the most frequently experienced adverse outcomes that occurs as the result of actual tissue damage. Previous studies have shown inconsistent results regarding the prevalence and predictors of acute postoperative pain. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the pooled prevalence and associated factors of postoperative pain after cesarean section.

Methods: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis study that was performed on the basis of studies published within the last 10 years on the prevalence and associated factors of postoperative pain after cesarean section. After PubMed, Google Scholar, HINAR, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Cochrane, EMBASE, and gray literature extensive search for primary studies, their quality was assessed and data was extracted. STATAMP, version 17.0, was used for all possible analyses of the study.

Results: Twenty-eight studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of postoperative pain was 58% (95% confidence interval [CI] 48%, 67%) with heterogeneity (I2 99.33%). Incision length >10 centimeters (odds ratio [OR] 2.34 [95% CI 1.71, 2.97]); spinal anesthesia without adjuvant (OR 3.45 [95% CI 1.56, 5.33]); general type of anesthesia (OR 3.54 [95% CI 2.61, 4.48]); presence of preoperative anxiety (OR-1.73, 95% CI 1.12-2.35); and no peripheral nerve block (OR 3.23 [95% CI, 2.27-4.18]) were associated with the prevalence of postoperative pain significantly.

Conclusions: The pooled prevalence of acute postoperative pain after cesarean section was high (58%), which needs more strategies for pain management. Incision length >10 centimeters, spinal anesthesia without adjuvants, general type of anesthesia, preoperative anxiety, and no peripheral nerve block were significantly associated with this prevalence.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.