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. 2024 Jul 19;14(7):1043-1052.
doi: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i7.1043.

Correlation of preoperative inflammatory factors and emotional disorders with postoperative delirium in patients with craniocerebral trauma

Peng Cao  1 , Zhe-Yong Jia  1 , Tao Zheng  1 , Tao Mei  2
Affiliations

Correlation of preoperative inflammatory factors and emotional disorders with postoperative delirium in patients with craniocerebral trauma

Peng Cao et al. World J Psychiatry. .

Abstract

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) imposes a substantial societal and familial burden due to its high disability and fatality rates, rendering it a serious public health problem. Some patients with TBI have poor treatment outcomes and are prone to postoperative delirium (POD), which affects their quality of life. Anxiety has been linked to increased POD incidence in some studies, while others have found no correlation.

Aim: To investigate the correlation of POD risk factors, preoperative inflammatory factors, and mood disorders in patients with TBI.

Methods: We retrospectively collected data on the treatment of 80 patients with TBI from November 2021 to September 2023. Patients were grouped as POD and non-POD, according to their POD status, and the general data of the two groups were compared. Inflammatory factor levels were detected preoperatively, and the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were used to investigate the risk factors associated with POD in these patients. Logistic regression was used to identify the independent risk factors.

Results: Twenty-one patients (26.25%) developed POD, including 7, 10, and 4 cases of the excitatory, inhibitory, and mixed types, respectively. There were 59 cases (73.75%) in the non-POD group. Compared with the non-POD group, the POD group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with low Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores before admission, unilateral mydriasis, preoperative hemorrhagic shock, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), and postoperative hyperglycemic hyperosmolar disease (P < 0.05). In the POD group, interleukin-6 (IL-6), human tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), myeloperoxidase levels, HAMA, and HAMD scores were higher than those in the non-POD group (all P < 0.05). Logistic multivariate analysis showed that GCS score at admission, IVH, IL-6, TNF-α, HAMA, and HAMD were independent risk factors for POD in patients with TBI (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Low GCS score at admission, IVH, elevated IL-6 and TNF-α, other inflammatory indicators, anxiety, and depression, can increase the risk of POD in patients with TBI after surgery.

Keywords: Inflammatory factors; Mood disorders; Postoperative delirium; Relevance; Risk factor; Traumatic brain injury.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Development of postoperative delirium in patients with traumatic brain injury. POD: Postoperative delirium.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Anxiety and depression scores of the patients in both groups. POD: Postoperative delirium; HAMA: Hamilton depression scale; HAMD: Hamilton anxiety scale.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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