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. 2024 Jul 25;10(1):51.
doi: 10.1186/s40942-024-00570-4.

Longitudinal changes of funduscopic optic disc size, color and cup-to-disc ratio in school children

Seiji Sameshima  1 , Takehiro Yamashita  1 , Hiroto Terasaki  2 , Ryo Asaoka  3   4   5   6 , Naoya Yoshihara  1 , Naoko Kakiuchi  1 , Taiji Sakamoto  1
Affiliations

Longitudinal changes of funduscopic optic disc size, color and cup-to-disc ratio in school children

Seiji Sameshima et al. Int J Retina Vitreous. .

Abstract

Background: To investigate the relationship between changes in the optic disc size and color, cup-to-disc (C/D) ratio, and axial elongation in schoolchildren.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed in 75 right eyes of elementary school students for six years (from 8.5 to 14.5 years old). In the first and last year, all participants underwent optical axial length measurement and color fundus photography. The optic disc color was calculated by dividing the intensity of red by the sum of the intensity of red, green, and blue. The optic disc area was calculated by modifying the number of pixels according to Bennett's formula. The C/D ratio was calculated by dividing the vertical cup diameter by vertical optic disc diameter. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare these optic disc parameters and axial length in the first and last year.

Results: Mean axial length in the last year (24.82 mm) was significantly longer than that in the first year (23.34 mm). Likewise, the mean optic disc size was significantly smaller in the last year (41,946 pixels) than that in the first year (46,144 pixels). The mean optic disc color in the last year (0.49) was significantly more reddish than that in the first year (0.46), while the mean C/D ratio in last year (0.50) was significantly smaller than that in first year (0.52).

Conclusions: During the period from 8.5 years to 14.5 years of age, both the optic disc size and C/D ratio became smaller, while the color became more red.

Keywords: Cup-to-disc ratio; Optic disc color; Optic disc size; School myopia.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Measurements of optic disc size and color
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Representative case with optic disc size shrinkage, color reddening, and C/D ratio reduction. Redder optic disc color, smaller optic disc size, and smaller C/D ratio at last year (14.5 years old, b) compared with first year (8.5 years old, a). The image size in the first year was reduced using Bennet’s formula
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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