Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2024 Jul 19;14(14):1227.
doi: 10.3390/nano14141227.

Raman Study of Novel Nanostructured WO3 Thin Films Grown by Spray Deposition

Andreea Gabriela Marina Popescu  1   2 , Ioan Valentin Tudose  3   4 , Cosmin Romanitan  1 , Marian Popescu  1 , Marina Manica  1 , Paul Schiopu  2 , Marian Vladescu  2 , Mirela Petruta Suchea  1   3 , Cristina Pachiu  1
Affiliations

Raman Study of Novel Nanostructured WO3 Thin Films Grown by Spray Deposition

Andreea Gabriela Marina Popescu et al. Nanomaterials (Basel). .

Abstract

The present communication reports on the effect of the sprayed solution volume variation (as a thickness variation element) on the detailed Raman spectroscopy for WO3 thin films with different thicknesses grown from precursor solutions with two different concentrations. Walls-like structured monoclinic WO3 thin films were obtained by the spray deposition method for further integration in gas sensors. A detailed analysis of the two series of samples shows that the increase in thickness strongly affects the films' morphology, while their crystalline structure is only slightly affected. The Raman analysis contributes to refining the structural feature clarifications. It was observed that, for 0.05 M precursor concentration series, thinner films (lower volume) show less intense peaks, indicating more defects and lower crystallinity, while thicker films (higher volume) exhibit sharper and more intense peaks, suggesting improved crystallinity and structural order. For higher precursor concentration 0.1 M series, films at higher precursor concentrations show overall more intense and sharper peaks across all thicknesses, indicating higher crystallinity and fewer defects. Differences in peak intensity and presence reflect variations in film morphology and structural properties due to increased precursor concentration. Further studies are ongoing.

Keywords: Raman spectroscopy; spray pyrolysis; thin films; tungsten oxide.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
SEM images of WO3 thin films grown at precursor volumes and concentrations: 5, 8, and 12 mL at 0.1 M and 0.05 M (scale 40 µm).
Figure 2
Figure 2
XRD patterns of WO3 thin films grown at precursor’s volumes and concentrations: 5, 8, 12 mL at (a) 0.05 M and (b) 0.1 M.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Raman spectroscopy results for WO3 thin films grown at precursor’s volumes and concentrations: 5, 8, 12 mL at (a) 0.05 M and (b) 0.1 M.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a,b) Examples of the deconvoluted Raman spectra of the 12 mL WO3 at the two different concentrations; (c) Raman intensity variation with Raman shift for the films with different thicknesses.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Rogers B., Adams J., Pennathur S. Nanotechnology: Understanding Small Systems. 3rd ed. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group; New York, NY, USA: 2015.
    1. Modak M., Rane S., Jagtap S. WO3: A review of synthesis techniques, nanocomposite materials and their morphological effects for gas sensing application. Bull. Mater. Sci. 2023;46:28. doi: 10.1007/s12034-022-02864-5. - DOI
    1. Mardare C.C., Hassel A.W. Review on the Versatility of Tungsten Oxide Coatings. Phys. Status Solidi A. 2019;216:1900047. doi: 10.1002/pssa.201900047. - DOI
    1. Yadav A., Singh P., Gupta G. Dimension dependency of tungsten oxide for efficient gas sensing. Environ. Sci. Nano. 2022;9:40–60. doi: 10.1039/D1EN00872B. - DOI
    1. Dong C., Zhao R., Yao L., Ran Y., Zhang X., Wang Y. A review on WO3 based gas sensors: Morphology control and enhanced sensing properties. J. Alloys Compd. 2020;820:153194. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.153194. - DOI

LinkOut - more resources