Design of application-oriented disease diagnosis model using a meta-heuristic algorithm

Abstract

Background: Healthcare is crucial to patient care because it provides vital services for maintaining and restoring health. As healthcare technology evolves, cutting-edge tools facilitate faster diagnosis and more effective patient treatment. In the present age of pandemics, the Internet of Things (IoT) offers a potential solution to the problem of patient safety monitoring by creating a massive quantity of data about the patient through the linked devices around them and then analyzing it to estimate the patient's current status. Utilizing the IoT-based meta-heuristic algorithm allows patients to be remotely monitored, resulting in timely diagnosis and improved care. Meta-heuristic algorithms are successful, resilient, and effective in solving real-world enhancement, clustering, predicting, and grouping. Healthcare organizations need an efficient method for dealing with big data since the prevalence of such data makes it challenging to analyze for diagnosis. The current techniques used in medical diagnostics have limitations due to imbalanced data and the overfitting issue.

Objective: This study introduces the particle swarm optimization and convolutional neural network to be used as a meta-heuristic optimization method for extensive data analysis in the IoT to monitor patients' health conditions.

Method: Particle Swarm Optimization is used to optimize the data used in the study. Information for a diabetes diagnosis model that includes cardiac risk forecasting is collected. Particle Swarm Optimization and Convolutional Neural Networks (PSO-CNN) results effectively make illness predictions. Support Vector Machine has been used to predict the possibility of a heart attack based on the classification of the collected data into projected abnormal and normal ranges for diabetes.

Results: The results of the simulations reveal that the PSO-CNN model used to predict diabetic disease increased in accuracy by 92.6%, precision by 92.5%, recall by 93.2%, F1-score by 94.2%, and quantization error by 4.1%.

Conclusion: The suggested approach could be applied to identify cancer cells.

Keywords: Healthcare; IoT; Particle Swarm Optimization; cancer cells; cardiac risk forecasting; convolutional neural network; diabetes; disease diagnosis; meta-heuristic algorithm; patient monitoring; support vector machine.

Figure 1.

IoT-based data optimization system based on a metaheuristic algorithm.

Figure 2.

The flow diagram of the PSO technique.

Figure 3.

The architecture of DNN based on RBM.

Figure 4.

CNN to classify danger and standard range of diabetics.

Figure 5.

Comparison of quantization error with existing research.

Figure 6.

Comparison of accuracy with existing research.

Figure 7.

Comparison of Recall analysis with existing research.

Figure 8.

Comparison of precision analysis with existing research.

Figure 9.

Comparison of F1 measure analysis with existing research.