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Case Reports
. 2024 Sep-Oct;90(5):101466.
doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2024.101466. Epub 2024 Jul 10.

Office based non-invasive diagnostic technique for acquired tracheoesophageal fistula

Nesha Rajendram  1 , Masaany Mansor  2 , Norazila Abdul Rahim  3 , Mohd Zukiflee Abu Bakar  4 , Muhammad Arif Sobani  5
Affiliations
Case Reports

Office based non-invasive diagnostic technique for acquired tracheoesophageal fistula

Nesha Rajendram et al. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2024 Sep-Oct.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The nasogastric tube is slowly withdrawn until only the tip remains just under the hypopharynx nasopharyngolaryngoscope assisted.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Local anaesthesia using 4 mls of 2% lignocaine or 1‒2 sprays of 10% lignocaine is applied through the tracheostoma with the end needle/nozzle bevelled up to anaesthetize the airway.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A‒B) 20 ml of saline mixed with methylene blue is then passed through the nasogastric tube slowly at the speed of 2 ml/10 s to ensure there will be no spillage of the dye around the hypopharyngeal and the laryngeal structures aided by flexible nasopharyngolaryngoscopy.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(A‒B) The flexible nasolaryngoscope is then passed through the nostrils & tracheostoma site and manoeuvred to examine the subglottic and trachea region, to visualise for any dye leak which could demarcate clearly any TOF.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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