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. 2024 Jul 12;60(7):1126.
doi: 10.3390/medicina60071126.

Same Organ, Two Cancers: Complete Analysis of Renal Cell Carcinomas and Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinomas

Sorin Vamesu  1 , Oana Andreea Ursica  1   2 , Serban Eduard Milea  1 , Mariana Deacu  1   2 , Mariana Aschie  1   2   3   4   5 , Anca Florentina Mitroi  5   6 , Felix Voinea  2   7 , Mihaela Butcaru Pundiche  2   8 , Cristian Ionut Orasanu  1   2   5 , Raluca Ioana Voda  1   2   5
Affiliations

Same Organ, Two Cancers: Complete Analysis of Renal Cell Carcinomas and Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinomas

Sorin Vamesu et al. Medicina (Kaunas). .

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Renal cell carcinomas and upper tract urothelial carcinomas are types of malignancies that originate in the kidneys. Each of these examples shows an increasing trend in the frequency and the mortality rate. This study aims to comprehensively define carcinomas by analyzing clinical, paraclinical, and histological aspects to predict aggressiveness and mortality. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective investigation on a group of patients suspected of kidney cancers. Results: We identified 188 cases. We observed a higher mortality rate and older age in individuals with urothelial carcinomas. Anemia, acute kidney injury, hematuria, and perineural invasion were the main risk factors that predicted their mortality. Tumor size in renal cell carcinomas correlates with the presence of necrosis and sarcomatoid areas. Factors that indicate a higher rate of death are older age, exceeding the renal capsule, a lesion that includes the entire kidney, lymphovascular invasion, acute kidney injury, and anemia. Conclusions: Even if they originate at the renal level, and the clinical-paraclinical picture is similar, the histopathological characteristics make the difference. In addition, to these are added the previously mentioned common parameters that can represent important prognostic factors. In conclusion, the characteristics commonly identified in one type of cancer may act as risk factors for the other tumor. The detected data include threshold values and risk factors, making a significant contribution to the existing literature.

Keywords: hematuria; perineural invasion; renal cell carcinoma; risk factor; upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart with the batch studied.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The undulatory distribution of the two types of cancers.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The diagnoses found in the study group. (A) Carcinomas originating in the epithelium of the renal tubes. (B) Carcinomas of urothelial origin.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Representative figures of the cases from the study group in hematoxylin–eosin staining, Ob. ×100. (A) Clear cell renal cell carcinoma. (B) Clear cell renal cell carcinoma of histological grade 4. (C) Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, eosinophilic variant. (D) Papillary renal cell carcinoma. (E) Papillary renal cell carcinoma, oncocytic variant. (F) Papillary renal cell carcinoma with inverted polarity.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Representative figures of the cases from the study group in hematoxylin–eosin staining, Ob. ×100. (A) Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma. (B) Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, eosinophilic variant. (C) Carcinoma of collecting ducts, with vascular invasion. (D) Mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Representative figures of the cases from the study group in Hematoxylin–Eosin staining. (A) Noninvasive papillary urothelial carcinoma low grade (Ob. ×200). (B) Noninvasive papillary urothelial carcinoma high grade (Ob. ×100). (C) Invasive urothelial carcinoma (Ob. ×100).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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