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. 2024 Jul 27;29(1):391.
doi: 10.1186/s40001-024-01990-6.

Comprehensive analysis of root canal morphology in maxillary premolars among the Pakistani subpopulation: a CBCT-based study

Hmoud Ali Algarni  1 , Meshal Aber Alonazi  1 , Hamza Arshad  2 , Fatima Zahra  3 , Fahad Umer  3 , Irfan Maqbool  4 , Azhar Iqbal  1 , Mohmed Isaqali Karobari  5   6
Affiliations

Comprehensive analysis of root canal morphology in maxillary premolars among the Pakistani subpopulation: a CBCT-based study

Hmoud Ali Algarni et al. Eur J Med Res. .

Abstract

Background: Understanding the root canal morphology is essential for the success of root canal treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate and analyze the root canal configuration of maxillary premolars using Cone Beam Computed Tomography in the Pakistani subpopulation.

Method: This cross-sectional study utilized CBCT scans from two distinct centres: Aga Khan University in Karachi and Jinnah MRI and Body Scans in Lahore. The CBCT images were visualized using GALAXIS version 1.9 (SICAT GmbH and Co. KG, Bonn, Germany), integrated within the Sirona Dental System (D-64625 Bensheim, Germany). The scanning parameters were standardized at 85 kV, 7 mA, with a 15-s exposure time and a voxel size of 0.16 mm. A total of 707 CBCT scans were collected, encompassing 2180 maxillary premolars. Root canal configurations were classified based on (Ahmed et al. Int Endod J. 2017;50(8):761-70). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 26, employing the Chi-square test with a significance level set at p < 0.05.

Results: The distribution of root canal morphologies varied significantly with age and gender. Among maxillary premolars, 50% exhibited the typical configuration of 2MPMB1 L1 (two roots, single canal in each buccal and lingual root), while 26% of maxillary right second premolars displayed 1MPM1 (one root, one canal). Overall, 1MPM1 accounted for 27.4% of the total cases in the second premolars. There was no statistically significant relationship between age and root canal distribution in either first premolars (p = 0.338) or second premolars (p = 0.833). Regarding gender, a significant difference was observed in the distribution of right maxillary 1st premolars (p = 0.022*), with a higher prevalence among females.

Conclusion: This study offers significant insights into the anatomical variations of root canals in maxillary premolars across diverse regional subpopulations in Pakistan. While specific root canal configurations were prevalent, the findings indicate no statistically significant correlation between age and root canal morphology in maxillary premolars. However, a notable gender disparity was observed in the distribution of the right maxillary first premolars.

Keywords: Cone beam computed tomography; Dental anatomy; Dental diagnostic imaging; Dental pulp; Endodontics; Morphology; Pakistani subpopulations; Premolars; Root; Root canal.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
CBCT images (sagittal view) of maxillary second premolar (MSP) showing single code root canal morphology
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
CBCT images (sagittal views) of maxillary premolar (MFP—first premolars, MSP—second premolars) showing root canal morphology with two roots
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
CBCT images (sagittal and axial views) of maxillary premolar (MFP—first premolars, MSP—second premolars) showing two code root canal morphology
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
CBCT images (sagittal views) of maxillary premolar (MFP—first premolars, MSP—second premolars) showing three code root canal morphology
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
CBCT images (sagittal and axial views) of maxillary premolar (MFP—first premolars, MSP—second premolars) showing four code root canal morphology
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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