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. 2024 Dec;50(12):866-873.
doi: 10.1007/s10886-024-01531-9. Epub 2024 Jul 29.

Identification of the Female Sex Pheromone of Grammodes Geometrica (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Erebinae)

Tareq A S Abubaker  1 , Yuki Matsui  1 , Hideshi Naka  2
Affiliations

Identification of the Female Sex Pheromone of Grammodes Geometrica (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Erebinae)

Tareq A S Abubaker et al. J Chem Ecol. 2024 Dec.

Abstract

The female sex pheromone of Grammodes geometrica (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Erebinae) was identified as a 2:100:4 mixture of (3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9-icosatriene (T20), (3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9-henicosatriene (T21), and (3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9-tricosatriene (T23) through chemical and electrophysiological analyses of female gland extracts. T23 is a novel sex pheromone component in Erebinae species. Field trapping tests demonstrated optimal male captures in attractant-baited traps when using a 2:100:4 blend of T20, T21 and T23, with a significant decrease in captures observed when T20 or T23 were removed from the full blend. Traps were set in early August, but males began to be captured in early September. The seasonal prevalence showed a bimodal peak, occurring on September 11 and October 9. These findings provide valuable insights into the chemical communication and ecological dynamics of this species within the subfamily Erebinae.

Keywords: (3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9-henicosatriene; (3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9-icosatriene; (3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9-tricosatriene; Erebinae; Ophiusini.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics Approval: Not applicable. Consent to Participate: Not applicable. Consent for Publication: Not applicable. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

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