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Review
. 2023 Aug 8;24(8):227.
doi: 10.31083/j.rcm2408227. eCollection 2023 Aug.

Coronary Artery Disease in CKD-G5D Patients: An Update

Pan Gao  1 , Xingjian Zou  1 , Xin Sun  1 , Chun Zhang  1
Affiliations
Review

Coronary Artery Disease in CKD-G5D Patients: An Update

Pan Gao et al. Rev Cardiovasc Med. .

Abstract

Patients with chronic kidney disease treated by dialysis (CKD-G5D) are characterized by a high prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD). Such patients differ from non-uremic CAD patients and have been excluded from several clinical CAD trials. CKD-G5D patients may be asymptomatic for their CAD, making their risk stratification and management challenging. This review will focus on the incidence, epidemiology, pathophysiology, screening tools, and management/treatment of CAD in CKD-G5D patients. It will also review recent studies concerning the screening tools and management strategies available for these patients. The need for improved evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors, screening and early intervention for symptomatic CAD in CKD-G5D patients will be highlighted.

Keywords: CAD; CKD-G5D; coronary artery disease; dialysis; management.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Traditional and non-traditional risk factors for CAD in CKD-G5D patients. Traditional and non-traditional risk factors act synergistically to cause CAD. Traditional risk factors include age, diabetes, and obesity, while non-traditional risk factors include chronic inflammation and dialysis. With the progression of CKD, there is a gradual shift from traditional risk factors to non-traditional risk factors. Abbreviations: CAD, coronary artery disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CKD-G5D, chronic kidney disease treated by dialysis; VSMC, Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell; AGEs, advanced glycation end products; PBUT, Protein-bound uremic toxins.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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