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. 2024 Jul 24:1207:325-353.
doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.121725. eCollection 2024.

A review of the genus Zygota (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) in Germany with taxonomic notes on this genus and its distinction from Pantoclis

Jeremy Hübner  1 , Vasilisa Chemyreva  2 , Jan Macek  3 , Victor Kolyada  4
Affiliations

A review of the genus Zygota (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) in Germany with taxonomic notes on this genus and its distinction from Pantoclis

Jeremy Hübner et al. Zookeys. .

Abstract

This study provides a comprehensive overview of the genus Zygota Förster combining DNA barcoding and current morphology. Nineteen species of Zygota were found throughout Germany, including the newly described species Zygotawalli sp. nov. First species records for Germany are: Zygotabalteata Macek, 1997; Z.comitans Macek, 1997; Z.spinosipes (Kieffer, 1908); Z.sordida Macek, 1997; Z.angularis Macek, 1997 and Z.vigil Nixon, 1957. We also clarify diagnoses for the two related genera, Pantoclis Förster and Zygota to designate the boundaries of the Zygota genus and propose new synonymies: Zygotacaligula Buhl, 1997 is a junior synonym of Z.congener (Zetterstedt, 1840); Z.reticulata Kozlov, 1978 is a junior synonym of Z.ruficornis (Curtis, 1831). Thirteen species of Zygota sensu Nixon (1957) are transferred to the genus Pantoclis with the following new combinations proposed: Zygotabrevinervis (Kieffer, 1908) (= Pantoclisbrevinervis (Kieffer, 1909), comb. nov.); Z.brevipennis (Kieffer, 1908) (= P.brevipennis (Kieffer, 1908), comb. nov.); Z.caecutiens (Kieffer, 1908) (= P.caecutiens (Kieffer, 1908), comb. nov.); Z.cursor (Kieffer, 1908) (= P.cursor (Kieffer, 1908), comb. nov.); Z.fossulata (Thomson, 1858) (=P.fossulata (Thomson, 1858), comb. nov.); Z.fuscata (Thomson, 1858) (= P.fuscata (Thomson, 1858), comb. nov.); Z.hemiptera (Thomson, 1858) (= P.hemiptera (Thomson, 1858), comb. nov.); Z.microtoma (Kieffer, 1909) (= P.microtoma (Kieffer, 1909), comb. nov.); Z.soluta (Kieffer, 1907) (= P.soluta (Kieffer, 1907), comb. nov.); Z.striata (Kieffer, 1909) (= P.striata (Kieffer, 1909), comb. nov.); Z.subaptera (Thomson, 1858) (= P.subaptera (Thomson, 1858), comb. nov.); Z.sulciventris (Kieffer, 1909) (= P.sulciventris (Kieffer, 1909), comb. nov.), and Z.unicolor (Kieffer, 1908) (= P.unicolor (Kieffer, 1908), comb. nov.).

Keywords: Checklist; DNA-barcoding; integrative taxonomy; new records; new species; new synonymy; parasitoid wasps.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Morphological characters to identify the closely related genera Zygota and PantoclisA, E female B, C, D males A, BP.baryceraCZ.walli sp. nov. D, EZ.abdominalis. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B–F).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Morphological characters to identify the closely related genera Pantoclis (A) and Zygota (B) APantoclis spp., male BZ.breviuscula, male. Green arrow – submetapleural carina. Scale bars: 0.3 mm.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Venation (A, C, D, G, J) and fore tibia (B, E, F, H, I) morphology of males AZygotabensoniBZ.sordidaCZ.crotonDZ.walli sp. nov. EZ.breviusculaFZ.walli sp. nov. HPantoclis sp. IZ.crotonG, JPantoclis spp. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–E, G, I, J); 0.3 mm (F, H).
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Ventral side of metasoma of females (A, C, E) and males (B, D, F) AZygotabreviusculaBZ.abdominalisC, DZ.pubescenceEZ.walli sp. nov. FPantoclis sp. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Male genitalia of Zygota and PantoclisAZ.walli sp. nov. B–DZ.abdominalisEP.baryceraF–HPantoclis sp. 1 I–LPantoclis sp. 2 C, G, I, K lateral view A, B, D, E, F, H, J, L ventral view.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Zygotacongener, male (B–D, F) and female (A, E) A mesosoma and petiole in dorsal view B A1–A5 in ventral view C fore tibia D head and mesosoma in lateral view E apex of metasoma in dorsal view (Z.caligula Buhl, holotype) F antennae in ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (D); 1 mm (F).
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
Holotype of the Zygotacaligula Buhl A face B body in dorsal view C body in lateral view D metasoma, ventral view E type material labels F fore wing venation. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
Figure 8.
Figure 8.
Zygotaruficornis male (C, G, H) and female (Z.reticulata Kozlov, holotype) (A, B, D, E, F) A metasoma, dorsal view B apex of metasoma, dorsal view C genitalia, lateral view D head and mesosoma, lateral view E antennae, dorsal view F fore wing G fore tibia H antenna, proximal part I label of the holotype. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
Figure 9.
Figure 9.
Zygotavigil Nixon, male A whole insect in lateral view B male genitalia C fore wing venation. Scale bar: 1 mm.
Figure 10.
Figure 10.
Zygotavigil Nixon, details of morphology, male A, B head and mesosoma in dorsal (A) and lateral (B) views C, E metasoma, in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views D fore tibia F, G antennae in dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (B); 1 mm (F).
Figure 11.
Figure 11.
Zygotawalli sp. nov. female holotype (ZSMHYM42437-A07) A face B whole body in dorsal view C head, dorsal view D head and mesosoma in lateral view E apex of metasoma, dorso-lateral view F head and mesosoma in lateral view. Scale bar: 1 mm.
Figure 12.
Figure 12.
Details of Zygotawalli sp. nov. morphology, female (A, B, D) and male (C, D) A apex of metasoma B metasoma in dorsal view C A1–A4 in dorsal view D antenna in lateral view E antenna in dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
Figure 13.
Figure 13.
Phylogenetic ML consensus tree of barcoded Belytini specimens with bootstrap/jackknife values and Cinetuscameroni as an outgroup.
Figure 14.
Figure 14.
Phylogenetic ML tree of barcoded Pantoclis material and the polyphyletic appearance of their wing venation. Green represents the taxa with a closed radial cell while species with an open cell are color-coded red. Each node’s support is displayed by the bootstrap and the jackknife values. Aclista was used as an outgroup.
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