This is a preprint.
Host-derived CEACAM-laden vesicles engage enterotoxigenic E. coli for elimination and toxin neutralization
- PMID: 39091797
- PMCID: PMC11291149
- DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.24.604983
Host-derived CEACAM-laden vesicles engage enterotoxigenic E. coli for elimination and toxin neutralization
Update in
-
Host-derived CEACAM-laden vesicles engage enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli for elimination and toxin neutralization.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024 Sep 17;121(38):e2410679121. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2410679121. Epub 2024 Sep 12. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024. PMID: 39264739 Free PMC article.
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) cause hundreds of millions of diarrheal illnesses annually ranging from mildly symptomatic cases to severe, life-threatening cholera-like diarrhea. Although ETEC are associated with long-term sequelae including malnutrition, the acute diarrheal illness is largely self-limited. Recent studies indicate that in addition to causing diarrhea, the ETEC heat-labile toxin (LT) modulates the expression of many genes in intestinal epithelia, including carcinoembryonic cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMs) which ETEC exploit as receptors, enabling toxin delivery. Here however, we demonstrate that LT also enhances the expression of CEACAMs on extracellular vesicles (EV) shed by intestinal epithelia and that CEACAM-laden EV increase in abundance during human infections, mitigate pathogen-host interactions, scavenge free ETEC toxins, and accelerate ETEC clearance from the gastrointestinal tract. Collectively, these findings indicate that CEACAMs play a multifaceted role in ETEC pathogen-host interactions, transiently favoring the pathogen, but ultimately contributing to innate responses that extinguish these common infections.
Keywords: cell adhesion molecules; diarrhea; enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC); extracellular vesicles; host- pathogen interactions.
Figures






References
-
- Black R. E., Brown K. H. & Becker S. Effects of diarrhea associated with specific enteropathogens on the growth of children in rural Bangladesh. Pediatrics 73, 799–805 (1984). - PubMed
-
- Kotloff K. L. et al. The incidence, aetiology, and adverse clinical consequences of less severe diarrhoeal episodes among infants and children residing in low-income and middle-income countries: a 12-month case-control study as a follow-on to the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS). Lancet Glob Health 7, e568–e584 (2019). 10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30076-2 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Publication types
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources