Emerging role of sirtuins in non‑small cell lung cancer (Review)

Abstract

Non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a highly prevalent lung malignancy characterized by insidious onset, rapid progression and advanced stage at the time of diagnosis, making radical surgery impossible. Sirtuin (SIRT) is a histone deacetylase that relies on NAD+ for its function, regulating the aging process through modifications in protein activity and stability. It is intricately linked to various processes, including glycolipid metabolism, inflammation, lifespan regulation, tumor formation and stress response. An increasing number of studies indicate that SIRTs significantly contribute to the progression of NSCLC by regulating pathophysiological processes such as energy metabolism, autophagy and apoptosis in tumor cells through the deacetylation of histones or non‑histone proteins. The present review elaborates on the roles of different SIRTs and their mechanisms in NSCLC, while also summarizing novel therapeutic agents based on SIRTs. It aims to present new ideas and a theoretical basis for NSCLC treatment.

Keywords: NAD+; apoptosis; autophagy; histone deacetylase; non‑small cell lung cancer; sirtuins.

Figure 1.

Summary of the roles of different SIRTs in non-small-cell lung carcinoma. SIRT, sirtuin; lncRNA, long non-coding RNA; miRNA, microRNA; AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase; EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition; ROS, reactive oxygen species; HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor; AC, acetylation; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.