Genome-wide identification and molecular evolution of elongation family of very long chain fatty acids proteins in Cyrtotrachelus buqueti

Abstract

To reveal the molecular function of elongation family of very long chain fatty acids(ELO) protein in Cyrtotrachelus buqueti, we have identified 15 ELO proteins from C.buqueti genome. 15 CbuELO proteins were located on four chromosomes. Their isoelectric points ranged from 9.22 to 9.68, and they were alkaline. These CbuELO proteins were stable and hydrophobic. CbuELO proteins had transmembrane movement, and had multiple phosphorylation sites. The secondary structure of CbuELO proteins was mainly α-helix. A total of 10 conserved motifs were identified in CbuELO protein family. Phylogenetic analysis showed that molecular evolutionary relationships of ELO protein family between C. buqueti and Tribolium castaneum was the closest. Developmental transcriptome analysis indicated that CbuELO10, CbuELO13 and CbuELO02 genes were key enzyme genes that determine the synthesis of very long chain fatty acids in pupae and eggs, CbuELO6 and CbuELO7 were that in the male, and CbuELO8 and CbuELO11 were that in the larva. Transcriptome analysis under different temperature conditions indicated that CbuELO1, CbuELO5, CbuELO12 and CbuELO14 participated in regulating temperature stress responses. Transcriptome analysis at different feeding times showed CbuELO12 gene expression level in all feeding time periods was significant downregulation. The qRT-PCR experiment verified expression level changes of CbuELO gene family under different temperature and feeding time conditions. Protein-protein interaction analysis showed that 9 CbuELO proteins were related to each other, CbuELO1, CbuELO4 and CbuELO12 had more than one interaction relationship. These results lay a theoretical foundation for further studying its molecular function during growth and development of C. buqueti.

Keywords: Cyrtotrachelus buqueti; Elongation family of very long chain fatty acids proteins; Evolutionary analysis; Genome-wide identification; Molecular evolution.

Fig. 1

Chromosome mapping of ELO gene family in C. buqueti

Fig. 2

Gene structure of ELO gene family in C. buqueti

Fig. 3

The transmembrane domain analysis of CbuELO proteins from C. buqueti

Fig. 4

Phylogenetic tree of ELO genes in C. buqueti

Fig. 5

Phylogenetic tree of ELO gene family in C. buqueti and Dendroctonus ponderosae

Fig. 6

Phylogenetic tree of ELO gene family in C. buqueti and Rhynchophorus ferrugineus

Fig. 7

Phylogenetic tree of ELO gene family in C. buqueti and Tribolium castaneum

Fig. 8

Phylogenetic tree of ELO gene family in C. buqueti and all species of Curculionidea

Fig. 9

Codon bias-related parameters of CbuELO genes

Fig. 10

RSCU values of CbuELO genes

Fig. 11

Heat map of gene expression analysis of CbuELO genes under different temperature

Fig. 12

Gene expression of CbuELO genes under different feeding time conditions

Fig. 13

Gene expression level of CbuELO gene verified by qRT-PCR at different temperatures

Fig. 14

Gene expression level of CbuELO gene verified by qRT-PCR at different feeding intervals

Fig. 15

Protein interaction analysis of CbuELO proteins