Sliding Microneedle - Lateral flow immunoassay strip device for highly sensitive biomarker detection in interstitial fluid

Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic disease with significant complications, necessitating regular treatment and checkups, which can be costly and time-consuming for patients. To address this, we developed the Sliding Microneedle (MN)-Lateral flow immunoassay strip (LFIAs) device that combines the advantages of MNs and LFIAs to detect IL-6, an independent biomarker for diabetes complications. This device offers rapid and highly sensitive detection of IL-6 by extracting interstitial fluid (ISF) through MNs and transferring it to LFIAs. The stainless MN, embedded in the 3D-printed Sliding MN-LFIAs device, was inserted into the skin at a 20° angle, minimizing blood contamination risk. With a filter paper attached to the MN surface, the device collected 4.65 ± 0.05 μL of ISF containing IL-6 within 90 s. The ISF was then transferred to the LFIAs using a running buffer. After a 15-min reaction, silver enhancement (SE) treatment was applied, allowing for the highly sensitive and specific detection of IL-6 at 10² pg/mL concentrations. The Sliding MN-LFIAs device successfully distinguished between normal and diabetic rat models, demonstrating its potential as an effective tool for detecting diabetes complications quickly and affordably.

Keywords: Diabetes complications; Interleukin-6; Interstitial fluid; Lateral flow immunoassay strip; Microneedle.