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. 2024 Aug 2;19(8):942-955.
doi: 10.26603/001c.121597. eCollection 2024.

Assessing the Relationship of Psychological Sport Readiness, Single-leg Vertical Jump, and Non-Sagittal Single-Leg Hops to Quadriceps Strength After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Paul Kuwik  1 , Erin Florkiewicz  1   2 , Timothy Benedict  1 , John Mason  1 , Jamie Morris  1 , Michael Crowell  1
Affiliations

Assessing the Relationship of Psychological Sport Readiness, Single-leg Vertical Jump, and Non-Sagittal Single-Leg Hops to Quadriceps Strength After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Paul Kuwik et al. Int J Sports Phys Ther. .

Abstract

Background: Limitations exist with current ACLR functional testing assessments that may be mitigated by including single-leg multi-directional testing.

Hypothesis/purpose: To compare Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Return to Sport after Injury Scale (ACL-RSI) scores, limb symmetry index (LSI) of the single-leg vertical jump (SLVJ), single-leg medial rotation hop (SLMRH), single-leg lateral hop (SLLH), and isokinetic quadriceps strength between participants with an ACLR and healthy controls and assess predictors of quadriceps strength asymmetry. It was hypothesized that ACL-RSI scores and LSIs for all tests would differ between ACLR and healthy control groups and within the ACLR group a strong correlation would exist between all outcome measures and quadriceps strength.

Study design: Cross-Sectional Study.

Methods: Twenty-six participants with an ACLR (median 13 months after surgery) and twenty-six matched healthy controls were recruited to participate in this study. Performance was assessed via SLVJ, SLMRH, SLLH, and isokinetic quadriceps strength. Between-group comparisons were made with independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney U test. Within the ACLR group, bivariate correlation and multivariate regression analysis were performed to assess the relationship between the outcome measures and quadriceps strength asymmetry.

Results: Significant between-limb differences were only identified in the ACLR group (p< 0.05): SLVJ LSI: 88.5%, SLMRH LSI: 93.6%, SLLH LSI: 92.7%, quadriceps strength LSI 80.9% - 83.9%, which were significantly lower (p <0.05) than the healthy control group. Within the ACLR group, a moderate-strong significant (p < 0.05) correlations existed with quadriceps strength and SLVJ (r=0.44-0.65), SLMRH (r =0.43-0.83), and SLLH (r=0.54-0.63); while ACL-RSI had a weak non-significant (p > 0.05) correlation with quadriceps strength (r= 0.12-0.30).

Conclusion: Single-leg multidirectional test LSIs were less in ACLR participants than matched healthy controls and all were directly related to quadriceps strength. Psychological readiness to return to sport was not related to quadriceps strength.

Keywords: Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction; Hop Tests; Psychological Readiness; Quadriceps Strength.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Scatterplot between single-leg vertical jump (SLVJ) limb symmetry index (LSI) and quadriceps extension 60º/sec LSI (ACLR group)
Figure 2.
Figure 2.. Scatterplot between single-leg medial rotation (SLMRH) limb symmetry index (LSI) and quadriceps extension 60º/sec LSI (ACLR group)
Figure 3.
Figure 3.. Scatterplot between single-leg lateral hop (SLLH) limb symmetry index (LSI) and quadriceps extension 60º/sec LSI (ACLR group)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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