Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2025 Apr;29(2):1895-1910.
doi: 10.1007/s11030-024-10940-7. Epub 2024 Aug 5.

Recent developments in the design of functional derivatives of edaravone and exploration of their antioxidant activities

R Divya Mohan  1 , Naveen V Kulkarni  2
Affiliations
Review

Recent developments in the design of functional derivatives of edaravone and exploration of their antioxidant activities

R Divya Mohan et al. Mol Divers. 2025 Apr.

Abstract

Edaravone, a pyrazalone derivative, is an antioxidant and free radical scavenger used to treat oxidative stress-related diseases. It is a proven drug to mitigate conditions prevailing to oxidative stress by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, reducing inflammation, and thereby preventing endothelial cell death. In recent years, considerable interest has been given by researchers in the derivatization of edaravone by adding varieties of substituents of versatile steric and functional properties to improve its antioxidant and pharmacological activity. This review accounts all the important methods developed for the derivatization of edaravone and the impacts of the structural modifications on the antioxidant activity of the motif.

Keywords: Antioxidants; Derivatization; Edaravone; Oxidative stress; Reactive oxygen species (ROS).

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence this work.

References

    1. Pisoschi AM, Pop A (2015) The role of antioxidants in the chemistry of oxidative stress: a review. Eur J Med Chem 97:55–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.04.040 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Nedić O, Penezić A, Minić S, Radomirović M, Nikolić M, Ćirković Veličković T, Gligorijević N (2023) Food antioxidants and their interaction with human proteins. Antioxidants. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12040815 - DOI - PubMed - PMC
    1. Li YR, Trush M (2016) Defining ROS in biology and medicine. React Oxygen Species. https://doi.org/10.20455/ros.2016.803 - DOI
    1. Herb M, Schramm M (2021) Functions of ros in macrophages and antimicrobial immunity. Antioxidants 10:1–39. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10020313 - DOI
    1. Jomova K, Raptova R, Alomar SY, Alwasel SH, Nepovimova E, Kuca K, Valko M (2023) Reactive oxygen species, toxicity, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: chronic diseases and aging. Arch Toxicol 97:2499–2574. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-023-03562-9 - DOI - PubMed - PMC

LinkOut - more resources