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. 2024 Oct 1:200:106616.
doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106616. Epub 2024 Aug 3.

Connecting the dots - A systematic review on coherence analysis in dystonia

S A J E A Lagerweij  1 , M Smit  1 , L M Centen  1 , J M C van Dijk  2 , M E van Egmond  3 , J W Elting  3 , M A J Tijssen  4
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Free article

Connecting the dots - A systematic review on coherence analysis in dystonia

S A J E A Lagerweij et al. Neurobiol Dis. .
Free article

Abstract

Background: Increased 4-12 Hz oscillatory activity in the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical (CBGTC) loop is reported in dystonia. Coherence analysis is a measure of linear coupling between two signals, revealing oscillatory activity drives that are common across motor units. By performing coherence analysis, activity of the CBGTC-loop can be measured with modalities like local field potentials (LFPs), electromyography (EMG), and electro-encephalography (EEG). The aim of this study is to perform a systematic review on the use of coherence analysis for clinical assessment and treatment of dystonia.

Methods: A systematic review was performed on a search in Embase and PubMed on June 28th, 2023. All studies incorporating coherence analysis and an adult dystonia cohort were included. Three authors evaluated the eligibility of the articles. Quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 checklist.

Results: A total of 41 articles were included, with data of 395 adult dystonia patients. In the selected records, six different types of coherence were investigated: corticocortical, corticopallidal, corticomuscular, pallidopallidal, pallidomuscular, and intermuscular coherence. Various types of 4-12 coherence were found to be increased in all dystonia subtypes.

Conclusion: There is increased 4-12 Hz coherence found between the cortex, basal ganglia, and affected muscles in all dystonia subtypes. However, the relationship between 4-12 Hz coherence and the dystonic clinical state has not been established. DBS treatment leads to a reduction of 4-12 Hz coherence. In combination with the results of this review, the 4-12 Hz frequency band can be used as a promising phenomenon for the development of a biomarker.

Keywords: Coherence; DBS; Dystonia; Neurophysiology.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: SAJEA Lagerweij reports a grant from the Stichting Wetenschapsfonds Dystonie and a personal grant from the University of Groningen. The funder was not involved in the study. M Smit, LM Centen, JW Elting and JMC van Dijk report no disclosures. ME van Egmond participated in a training program sponsored by Medtronic and received a grant from the Stichting Wetenschapsfonds Dystonie. MAJ Tijssen reports grants from the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development Domain: NWO-TTW (2022–9), ZonMW Topsubsidie (91218013) and ZonMW Program Translational Research(40–44,600–98-323). She also received two European Fund for Regional Development from the European Union (01492947 & DIMATIO (EFRO-0059) and a European Joint Programme on Rare Diseases (EJP RD) Networking Support Scheme. A grant from the Health Holland and the PPP allowance program (PPP-2023-00).Furthermore, from the the province of Friesland, the Stichting Wetenschapsfonds Dystonie and unrestricted grants from Ipsen, Actelion and Merz. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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