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. 2024 Oct;103(10):104110.
doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104110. Epub 2024 Jul 22.

Metabolome analysis of egg yolk and white following dietary supplementation with Ampelopsis grossedentata extract

Pingping Li  1 , Zhu Li  1 , PanPan Shi  1 , Guifeng Tan  1 , Jianguo Zeng  2 , Peng Huang  3
Affiliations

Metabolome analysis of egg yolk and white following dietary supplementation with Ampelopsis grossedentata extract

Pingping Li et al. Poult Sci. 2024 Oct.

Abstract

Eggs are recognized for their rich nutrient profile, providing essential proteins and lipids with notable functional properties. This study examines the effects of incorporating Water Extract of Ampelopsis grossedentata (WEA) into poultry feed on egg quality, focusing on lipid content, choline, L-carnitine levels, and flavonoid compound deposition. Our results show significant increases in essential amino acids, flavonoids, and other bioactive compounds in eggs from WEA-treated hens, suggesting enhanced cardiovascular, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory benefits. Additionally, we observed elevated levels of choline and betaine in egg yolks, alongside increased L-carnitine content, which may contribute to improved lipid metabolism and reduced cardiovascular disease risk. KEGG pathway analysis revealed upregulation of metabolites involved in critical metabolic pathways, enhancing the nutritional profile of eggs. Flavonoid compounds, traditionally associated with plant-based foods, were also significantly increased, with notable levels of 7, 4'-dihydroxyflavone, daidzein, and glycitein identified in WEA-treated eggs, indicating potential health benefits. These findings suggest that WEA supplementation can produce functional eggs with improved nutritional quality, offering a novel approach to enhancing egg production and meeting the growing demand for functional foods. Further research is needed to fully understand the bioavailability and health impacts of these enriched compounds.

Keywords: Ampelopsis grossedentata; amino acid; flavonoid; lipid; metabolomic.

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Conflict of interest statement

DISCLOSURES There are no conflicts to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Difference between egg white and egg yolk. (A) PLS-DA analysis. (B)Veen diagram analysis. (C) HMDB compound classification in egg whites. (D)HMDB compound classification in egg yolk.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Cluster analyses. (A) Heat map of cluster hierarchical analysis of egg white and yolk in control group. (B) Heat map of cluster hierarchical analysis of egg white and yolk in WEA group.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Metabolites with the biggest difference in egg white and yolk between the control group and the WEA group. (A) Venn diagram analysis of egg white and yolk in control group. (B) Venn diagram analysis of egg white and yolk in WEA group. (C) Comparison of different metabolites of egg white and yolk in control group. (D) Comparison of different metabolites of egg whites and yolk in WEA group.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Differential metabolites in the WEA group compared with the control group. (A) Comparison of different metabolites in egg whites. (B) Comparison of groups of different metabolites in egg yolk.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Differential metabolites of different doses in WEA group. (A) Venn diagram analysis of egg white in WEA. (B) Analysis of yolk Venn diagram in WEA group. (C) Comparison of egg white in WEA group. (D) Comparison of egg yolk in WEA group.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Differential metabolites of different doses in WEA group. (A) Flavonoids detected in the egg whites of the WEA group. (B) Flavonoids detected in egg yolks of the WEA group.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Metabolites of WEA were different in each dose group. (A) EY-Control VS EY-WEA-L volcano map. (B) KEGG enriched bubble map of EY-Control VS EY-WEA-L. (C) EY-Control VS EY-WEA-M volcano map. (D) KEGG enriched bubble map of EY-Control VS EY-WEA-M. (E) EY-Control VS EY-WEA-H volcano map. (F) KEGG enriched bubble map of EY-Control VS EY-WEA-H.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Analysis of metabolites in egg yolk. (A) KEGG compound classification. (B) KEGG pathway analysis. (C) Comparative analysis of multiple groups. (D) Metabolite correlation analysis.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Identification results of WEA. (A)Venn. (B) Flavonoids identified in egg white. (C) Flavonoids identified in egg yolk.
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