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. 2024 Jul 6;16(7):e63941.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.63941. eCollection 2024 Jul.

Evaluation of the Effect of Various Beverages and Food Materials on the Color Stability of Provisional Materials: An In Vitro Study

Tanveer Fatima  1 , Parvez Abubakar  1 , Sumit Deshpande  1 , Nazia Afreen  1 , G Sheshnag  1 , Syeda Safoora  1
Affiliations

Evaluation of the Effect of Various Beverages and Food Materials on the Color Stability of Provisional Materials: An In Vitro Study

Tanveer Fatima et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Aim This study aims to evaluate the color stability of four provisional materials: polymethyl methacrylate (DPI® Self-Cure), 10-ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate (Oratemp® C&B), bis-acryl composite resin (Systemp® C&B, Ivoclar Vivadent), and bis-acryl composite (Systemp® C&B, Ivoclar Vivadent) combined with light-cure composite (Fusion Flo® LC). Materials and methods A total of 40 specimens were meticulously crafted from modeling wax into discs, each precisely 2 mm thick and 20 mm in diameter. Four provisional materials were packed into molds, yielding 10 specimens for each material group. After mixing and polymerization, the specimens were trimmed and polished. Reflectance spectrophotometers were used for initial color assessments based on the CIELAB color space system. Staining solutions, including coffee, Tata Green Tea, Pepsi, and turmeric, were prepared to mimic dietary agents. Artificial saliva, replicating oral conditions, was formulated and sterilized. The specimens were then immersed in various solutions for 15 days at 37 °C. Color measurements were taken on days 2 and 15 using the same spectrophotometer, calculating color differences (ΔE) from changes in L*, a*, and b* values. Results DPI Self-Cure (polymethyl methacrylate) was found to be the most color-stable temporary restorative material, followed by Vivadent (bis-acryl composite resin), Oratemp (10-ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate), and Fusion Flo (light-cure composite). Fusion Flo exhibited the highest color change by the 15th day. Coffee and green tea demonstrated the greatest potential for causing color changes in the provisional restorative materials. Conclusion DPI Self-Cure exhibited the highest color stability among the provisional materials, with Vivadent and Oratemp following closely behind. Green tea and coffee were the most potent staining agents, while Pepsi and turmeric induced lesser color changes.

Keywords: beverages; bis-acryl composite; color stability; ivoclar vivadent; polymethyl methacrylate; provisional restorative materials.

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Conflict of interest statement

Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Institutional Ethics Committee, Al-Badar Rural Dental College & Hospital issued approval EC/NEW/INST/2022/2710. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Specimen preparation. (A) 2 mm thickness using wax gauge into disc; (B) 20 mm diameter disc; (C) modeling wax carved; (D) mold obtained after wax elimination
Figure 2
Figure 2. Specimens of four different provisional materials. (A) polymethyl methacrylate (DPI Self-Cure); (B) 10-ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate (Oratemp C&B); (C) bis-acryl composite resin (Vivadent); (D) light-cure composite (Fusion Flo)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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